Protein Information

Name albumin
Synonyms ALB; Albumin; PRO0883; PRO0903; PRO1341; PRO1708; PRO2044; PRO2619…

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
20006585 Yoshida M, Higashi K, Jin L, Machi Y, Suzuki T, Masuda A, Dohmae N, Suganami A, Tamura Y, Nishimura K, Toida T, Tomitori H, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K: Identification of acrolein-conjugated protein in plasma of patients with brain infarction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jan 8;391(2):1234-9. Epub 2009 Dec 16.

It was found that acrolein was mainly conjugated with albumin.
243(3,3,3,3) Details
8140586 Thakore KN, Gan JC, Ansari GA: Rapid plasma clearance of albumin-acrolein adduct in rats. Toxicol Lett. 1994 Mar;71(1):27-37.

After an affinity purification, an aliquot of this native [3H-lysine] albumin was adducted with 5 mM acrolein.
100(0,3,4,5) Details
19968980 Higashi K, Yoshida M, Igarashi A, Ito K, Wada Y, Murakami S, Kobayashi D, Nakano M, Sohda M, Nakajima T, Narita I, Toida T, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K: Intense correlation between protein-conjugated acrolein and primary Sjogren's syndrome. Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Mar;411(5-6):359-63. Epub 2009 Dec 5.

RESULTS: The concentration of protein-conjugated acrolein, especially albumin-conjugated acrolein, was greatly increased in saliva from patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (p <0.001).
81(1,1,1,1) Details
14742096 Li H, Wang J, Kaphalia B, Ansari GA, Khan MF: Quantitation of acrolein-protein adducts: potential biomarker of acrolein exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Mar 26;67(6):513-24.

Antibody to acrolein-keyhole limpet hemocyanin adduct was raised in rabbits, and the specificity of the antibody was determined by ELISA using acrolein-albumin adduct (AAA) or native albumin.
12(0,0,2,2) Details
17558803 Li H, Wang J, Konig R, Ansari GA, Khan MF: Formaldehyde-protein conjugate-specific antibodies in rats exposed to formaldehyde. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 Jul;70(13):1071-5.

Blood was collected at 3 and 6 mo following FA exposure, and formation of anti-FA-albumin adduct (anti-FAA) antibodies measured in the serum samples (1:100 dilution) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using synthesized rat albumin conjugates of FA as the solid-phase antigen.
These antibodies were highly specific for FAA as they did not cross-react with malondialdehyde-, 4-hydroxynonenal-, 4-hydroxyhexenal-, and acrolein-albumin adducts.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15207723 Seidler NW, Yeargans GS: Albumin-bound polyacrolein: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Jul 16;320(1):213-7.

We observed that thin plastic-like fragments were formed following incubation of albumin in acrolein solutions from 5 to 500 mM in sodium phosphate buffers (pH 7.4).
9(0,0,1,4) Details
8149893 Kanekal S, Kehrer JP: Metabolism of cyclophosphamide by lipoxygenases. . Drug Metab Dispos. 1994 Jan-Feb;22(1):74-8.

One mM cysteine, mercaptoethane sulfonic acid, glutathione disulfide, or albumin also decreased measurable acrolein (16-36%), but significantly less efficiently than glutathione.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
17263903 Aldini G, Orioli M, Carini M: Alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes adducts to actin and albumin as potential biomarkers of carbonylation damage. Redox Rep. 2007;12(1):20-5.

By a combined LC-MS/MS and computational approach, we have demonstrated their high reactivity towards alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, and established the stoichiometry of reaction with HNE and acrolein, as well as the amino acid residues more susceptible to carbonyl attack.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
15653175 Richter T, Munch G, Luth HJ, Arendt T, Kientsch-Engel R, Stahl P, Fengler D, Kuhla B: Immunochemical crossreactivity of antibodies specific for "advanced glycation endproducts" with "advanced lipoxidation endproducts". Neurobiol Aging. 2005 Apr;26(4):465-74.

Increased radical production, leading to the formation of lipid-derived reactive carbonyl species, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein, and glyoxal, is a characteristic aspect of age-related diseases like Alzheimer's disease or diabetic polyneuropathy.
As model proteins, microtubuli associated protein tau (MAP-tau), beta-amyloid, human serum albumin and chicken egg albumin were incubated likewise.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19696094 Conklin DJ, Haberzettl P, Lesgards JF, Prough RA, Srivastava S, Bhatnagar A: Increased sensitivity of glutathione S-transferase P-null mice to cyclophosphamide-induced urinary bladder toxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Nov;331(2):456-69. Epub 2009 Aug 20.

Hemorrhagic cystitis and diffuse inflammation of the bladder, common side effects of cyclophosphamide (CY) treatment, have been linked to the generation of acrolein derived from CY metabolism.
Treatment of wild-type (WT) and mGstP1/P2 null (GSTP-null) mice with CY caused hemorrhagic cystitis, edema, albumin extravasation, and sloughing of bladder epithelium; however, CY-induced bladder ulcerations of the lamina propria were more numerous and more severe in GSTP-null mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19686037 Colombo G, Aldini G, Orioli M, Giustarini D, Gornati R, Rossi R, Colombo R, Carini M, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I: Water-Soluble alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes of cigarette smoke induce carbonylation of human serum albumin. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Mar;12(3):349-64.

Increased levels of carbonylated serum proteins are present in smokers; albumin is the major carbonylated protein in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of older smokers.
Nanoscale capillary liquid chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry analysis detected acrolein and crotonaldehyde Michael adducts at Cys34, Lys525, Lys351, and His39 at all the CSE concentrations tested.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16405947 Moon EY, Lee MR, Wang AG, Lee JH, Kim HC, Kim HM, Kim JM, Kwon BM, Yu DY: Delayed occurrence of H-ras12V-induced hepatocellular carcinoma with long-term treatment with cinnamaldehydes. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Jan 20;530(3):270-5.


A mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma was established by using the transgene of mutated H-ras12V under the regulation of albumin enhancer/promoter.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14570889 Slatter DA, Avery NC, Bailey AJ: Identification of a new cross-link and unique histidine adduct from bovine serum albumin incubated with malondialdehyde. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 2;279(1):61-9. Epub 2003 Oct 21.

Malondialdehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and 4-hydroxynonenal are all products of fatty acid oxidation found in the fatty streaks of atherosclerotic arteries due to a lack of antioxidants and an increase in glycation products.
Here we provide indirect but strong evidence for a malondialdehyde-derived cross-link requiring just one malondialdehyde molecule to link arginine and lysine, giving 2-ornithinyl-4-methyl (1epsilon-lysyl) 1,3-imidazole following a 4-day incubation of albumin with 8 mm malondialdehyde.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2768257 Steinbrecher UP, Lougheed M, Kwan WC, Dirks M: Recognition of oxidized low density lipoprotein by the scavenger receptor of macrophages results from derivatization of apolipoprotein B by products of fatty acid peroxidation. J Biol Chem. 1989 Sep 15;264(26):15216-23.

Bovine albumin modified by oxidation products also showed greatly accelerated degradation by macrophages.
A series of 2-unsaturated aldehydes (acrolein to 2-nonenal) were all found to modify LDL, but none of these aldehyde-modified LDLs were recognized by the scavenger receptor of macrophages and all were degraded much more slowly by these cells than LDL modified with oxidation products.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18457351 Aldini G, Regazzoni L, Orioli M, Rimoldi I, Facino RM, Carini M: A tandem MS precursor-ion scan approach to identify variable covalent modification of albumin Cys34: a new tool for studying vascular carbonylation. J Mass Spectrom. 2008 Nov;43(11):1470-81.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
7974492 Zamlauski-Tucker MJ, Morris ME, Springate JE: Ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde causes Fanconi syndrome in the perfused rat kidney. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;129(1):170-5.

The present study investigated whether ifosfamide or its metabolites acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde would impair function in the isolated perfused rat kidney.
Renal function was monitored before and after these chemicals were added to a modified Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate perfusion medium containing 6.6 g/dl albumin and a mixture of substrates.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3085586 Margel S, Marcus L: Specific hemoperfusion through agarose acrobeads. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 1986 Feb;12(1):37-66.

Likewise, a battery of the soluble blood components (Cl-, K+, Na+, Ca2+, PO3/4-), total proteins, albumin, and C'4 component of the complement cascade, as well as the enzymes SGOT, LDH, and alkaline phosphatase, remained constant within narrow limits during the hemoperfusion procedure.
The chemical and physical structure of the beads is stable; neither acrolein nor bead fragments were detected in hemoperfusion trials.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11755315 Mottaran E, Stewart SF, Rolla R, Vay D, Cipriani V, Moretti M, Vidali M, Sartori M, Rigamonti C, Day CP, Albano E: Lipid peroxidation contributes to immune reactions associated with alcoholic liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Jan 1;32(1):38-45.


Antibodies against human serum albumin modified by reaction with malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), 2-hexenal, acrolein, methylglyoxal, and oxidized arachidonic and linoleic acids were measured by ELISA in 78 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and/or hepatitis, 50 patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis, 23 heavy drinkers with fatty liver, and 80 controls.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
12761359 Tsukahara H, Sekine K, Uchiyama M, Kawakami H, Hata I, Todoroki Y, Hiraoka M, Kaji M, Yorifuji T, Momoi T, Yoshihara K, Beppu M, Mayumi M: Formation of advanced glycosylation end products and oxidative stress in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Res. 2003 Sep;54(3):419-24. Epub 2003 May 21.


Urine samples of 38 patients with type 1 diabetes [mean age (+/-SD), 12.8 +/- 4.5 y; diabetes duration, 5.7 +/- 4.3 y; HbA1c, 8.0 +/- 1.6%; urinary albumin excretion, 12.6 +/- 14.4 mg/g creatinine (Cr)] and those of 60 age-matched healthy control subjects were assayed for AGEs, pentosidine and pyrraline, and markers of oxidative stress, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and acrolein-lysine.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
12733710 Daimon M, Sugiyama K, Kameda W, Saitoh T, Oizumi T, Hirata A, Yamaguchi H, Ohnuma H, Igarashi M, Kato T: Increased urinary levels of pentosidine, pyrraline and acrolein adduct in type 2 diabetes. Endocr J. 2003 Feb;50(1):61-7.

0(0,0,0,0) Details