Protein Information

Name butyrylcholinesterase
Synonyms Acylcholine acylhydrolase; BCHE; BCHE protein; Butyrylcholine esterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; CHE1; Choline esterase II; Cholinesterase…

Compound Information

Name sodium fluoride
CAS sodium fluoride (NaF)

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
10375971 Akizuki S, Sudo K, Abe M, Abe I, Nakajima T, Ohnishi A, Maekawa M: [Dibucaine number (DN) and fluoride number (FN) of L330 I mutant recombinant cholinesterase by use of various substrates]. Rinsho Byori. 1999 May;47(5):479-80.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
8840660 Verma M, Singh S, Nain CK, Ganguly NK, Sharma BK: Comparison of two substrates in determination of plasma cholinesterase activity & genetic variability. Indian J Med Res. 1996 Aug;104:198-200.

Two substrates, acetyl thiocholine iodide ATCI and benzoylcholine chloride BCC were compared for the determination of plasma cholinesterase ChE levels and after incorporation of dibucaine and sodium fluoride in the assay, their usefulness in determining plasma ChE genetic variability was assessed in 64 healthy subjects.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
11499888 Toennes SW, Kauert GF: Importance of vacutainer selection in forensic toxicological analysis of drugs of abuse. J Anal Toxicol. 2001 Jul-Aug;25(5):339-43.

This can be avoided by the use of blood-sampling devices such as gray-top Vacutainers containing the cholinesterase inhibitor sodium fluoride.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
11292576 Ekambaram P, Paul V: Calcium preventing locomotor behavioral and dental toxicities of fluoride by decreasing serum fluoride level in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001 Mar;9(4):141-146.

Spontaneous motor activity, rota-rod performance (motor co-ordination), body weight gain, food intake, activities of total cholinesterase (blood) and acetylcholinesterase (brain), and dental structure were determined in adult female rats treated with a very high dose of sodium fluoride (500 ppm in drinking water) alone and in combination with calcium carbonate (50 mg/kg body weight by oral intubation) for 60 days.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
12501914 Fandino AS, Toennes SW, Kauert GF: Studies on in vitro degradation of anhydroecgonine methyl ester (methylecgonidine) in human plasma. J Anal Toxicol. 2002 Nov-Dec;26(8):567-70.

Addition of esterase inhibitors such as sodium fluoride or echothiophate iodide reduced the hydrolysis significantly.
Hydrolysis of AEME also occurred in buffers with pH values above 5, but the hydrolysis rate was significantly lower when compared with plasma and could be markedly increased by the addition of butyrylcholine esterase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
10919342 Suyatna FD, Setiabudy R, Herwana E, Tjandra: Butyrylcholinesterase and C5+ variant in a Javanese ethnic group in Indonesia. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jul;38(7):339-44.

The plasma content of BChE was determined spectrophotometrically using benzoylcholine as substrate, and phenotyping of BChE was performed using the inhibitors 10 microM dibucaine and 50 microM sodium fluoride.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
14994645 Kovarik Z, Simeon-Rudolf V: An improvement in segregation of human butyrylcholinesterase phenotypes having the fluoride-resistant variants. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2003 Dec;54(4):239-44.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
15256494 De Vriese C, Gregoire F, Lema-Kisoka R, Waelbroeck M, Robberecht P, Delporte C: Ghrelin degradation by serum and tissue homogenates: identification of the cleavage sites. Endocrinology. 2004 Nov;145(11):4997-5005. Epub 2004 Jul 15.

In human serum, ghrelin desoctanoylation was partially inhibited by eserine salicylate and sodium fluoride, two butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors, but not by bis-p-nitrophenyl-phosphate and EDTA.
Purified butyrylcholinesterase was able to degrade ghrelin, and there was a correlation between the butyrylcholinesterase and ghrelin desoctanoylation activities in human sera.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
10421449 Simeon-Rudolf V, Kovarik Z, Skrinjaric-Spoljar M, Evans RT: An explanation for the different inhibitory characteristics of human serum butyrylcholinesterase phenotypes deriving from inhibition of atypical heterozygotes. Chem Biol Interact. 1999 May 14;119-120:159-64.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
19635623 Flora SJ, Mittal M, Mishra D: Co-exposure to arsenic and fluoride on oxidative stress, glutathione linked enzymes, biogenic amines and DNA damage in mouse brain. J Neurol Sci. 2009 Oct 15;285(1-2):198-205. Epub 2009 Jul 26.

Male mice were exposed to sodium meta arsenite (50 ppm) and sodium fluoride (50 ppm) individually and in combination for ten weeks.
However; acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities showed an increase on fluoride exposure.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10909490 Bialecki P: [Evaluation of the repair process in mechanically injured rat bone stimulated by sodium fluoride with non-toxic doses]. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 1999;45:195-209.

The following parameters were evaluated in blood serum: fluorine, calcium, magnesium contents, serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, bilirubin and activity levels of enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, cholinesterase, base phosphatase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14754571 Meyer A, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA: Developmental effects of chlorpyrifos extend beyond neurotoxicity: critical periods for immediate and delayed-onset effects on cardiac and hepatic cell signaling. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Feb;112(2):170-8.

Developmental effects of CPF involve mechanisms over and above cholinesterase inhibition, notably events in cell signaling that are shared by nonneural targets.
In addition to basal AC activity, we assessed the responses to direct AC stimulants (forskolin, Mn2+); to isoproterenol and glucagon, which activate signaling through specific membrane receptors; and to sodium fluoride, which activates the G-proteins that couple the receptors to AC.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19280383 Tsujikawa K, Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Iwata YT, Inoue H: In vitro stability and metabolism of salvinorin A in rat plasma. Xenobiotica. 2009 May;39(5):391-8.


Salvinorin A degradation was markedly inhibited by the addition of sodium fluoride, an esterase inhibitor.
0(0,0,0,0) Details