| Name | glutathione S transferase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2… |
| Name | ethylene dibromide |
|---|---|
| CAS | 1,2-dibromoethane |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7500980 | Fossett NG, Byrne BJ, Tucker AB, Arbour-Reily P, Chang S, Lee WR: Mutation spectrum of 2-chloroethyl methanesulfonate in Drosophila melanogaster premeiotic germ cells. Mutat Res. 1995 Oct;331(2):213-24. Rates of GSH-mediated conjugation, catalyzed by purified rat liver glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and binding of [35S] GSH-mediated conjugation products to calf thymus DNA were determined for 2ClEMS, 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) and 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11239503 | Thomas C, Will Y, Schoenberg SL, Sanderlin D, Reed DJ: Conjugative metabolism of 1,2-dibromoethane in mitochondria: disruption of oxidative phosphorylation and alkylation of mitochondrial DNA. Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Mar 1;61(5):595-603. 1,2-Dibromoethane (DBE) is an environmental contaminant that is metabolized by glutathione S-transferases to a haloethane- conjugate. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11272109 | Elliott BM, Ashby J: Ethylene dibromide and disulfiram: studies in vivo and in vitro on the mechanism of the observed synergistic carcinogenic response. Carcinogenesis. 1980;1(12):1049-57. Consistent with both of these suggested mechanisms, repeated administrations of disulfiram to rats inreased liver glutathione-S-transferase activity and decreased liver low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1504262 | Jean PA, Reed DJ: Utilization of during 1,2-dihaloethane metabolism in rat hepatocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 1992 May-Jun;5(3):386-91. These results indicate that the glutathione S-transferase-catalyzed conjugation of GSH with the DHEs is responsible for the majority of the DHE-induced GSH depletion. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8671744 | Graves RJ, Trueman P, Jones S, Green T: DNA sequence analysis of methylene -induced HPRT mutations in Chinese hamster ovary cells: comparison with the mutation spectrum obtained for 1,2-dibromoethane and Mutagenesis. 1996 May;11(3):229-33. Glutathione-S-transferase-mediated metabolism of methylene (MC) generates S-chloromethylglutathione, which has the potential to react with DNA, and which is a known mutagen. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8620575 | Aragno M, Tamagno E, Danni O, Chiarpotto E, Biasi F, Scavazza A, Albano E, Poli G, Dianzani MU: In vivo potentiation of 1,2-dibromoethane hepatotoxicity by through inactivation of glutathione-s-transferase. Chem Biol Interact. 1996 Jan 5;99(1-3):277-88. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3883141 | Crespi CL, Seixas GM, Turner TR, Ryan CG, Penman BW: Mutagenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane in two human lymphoblastoid cell lines. Mutat Res. 1985 Mar;142(3):133-40. This differential sensitivity between AHH-1 cells and TK6 cells was related to the levels of glutathione S-transferase activity in these two cell lines. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18163542 | Loecken EM, Guengerich FP: Reactions of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase sulfhydryl groups with bis-electrophiles produce DNA-protein cross-links but not mutations. Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Feb;21(2):453-8. Epub 2007 Dec 29. This mechanism has been shown in systems overexpressing the DNA repair protein O6 -alkylguanine DNA-alkyltransferase (AGT) or glutathione S-transferase and involves reactions with nucleophilic residues. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 6346586 | White RD, Gandolfi AJ, Bowden GT, Sipes IG: Deuterium isotope effect on the metabolism and toxicity of 1,2-dibromoethane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Jun 30;69(2):170-8. In vitro studies that measured ion released from the substrate to monitor the rate of metabolism showed that the hepatic microsomal metabolism of EDB was significantly reduced by deuterium substitution, while metabolism by the hepatic glutathione S-transferases was unaffected. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7581478 | Guengerich FP, Thier R, Persmark M, Taylor JB, Pemble SE, Ketterer B: Conjugation of carcinogens by theta class glutathione s-transferases: mechanisms and relevance to variations in human risk. Pharmacogenetics. 1995;5 Spec No:S103-7. Expression of the cDNA vector increased the mutagenicity of ethylene dibromide and several methylene dihalides. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1462248 | Mitra A, Hilbelink DR, Dwornik JJ, Kulkarni A: Rat hepatic glutathione S-transferase-mediated embryotoxic bioactivation of ethylene dibromide. Teratology. 1992 Nov;46(5):439-46. |
162(2,2,2,2) | Details |
| 2311185 | Kim DH, Guengerich FP: Formation of the DNA adduct S-[2-(N7-guanyl) ethyl] from ethylene dibromide: effects of modulation of and glutathione S-transferase levels and lack of a role for sulfation. Carcinogenesis. 1990 Mar;11(3):419-24. |
87(1,1,2,2) | Details |
| 2328501 | Cmarik JL, Inskeep PB, Meredith MJ, Meyer DJ, Ketterer B, Guengerich FP: Selectivity of rat and human glutathione S-transferases in activation of ethylene dibromide by conjugation and DNA binding and induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in human hepatocytes. Cancer Res. 1990 May 1;50(9):2747-52. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 2128814 | Harris TM: NMR-studies of carcinogen reactions with DNA: ethylene dibromide and J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1990;8(2):195-204. The reaction of ethylene dibromide involves initial conjugation with catalysed by glutathione S-transferase. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 9073592 | Ploemen JP, Wormhoudt LW, Haenen GR, Oudshoorn MJ, Commandeur JN, Vermeulen NP, de Waziers I, Beaune PH, Watabe T, van Bladeren PJ: The use of human in vitro metabolic parameters to explore the risk assessment of hazardous compounds: the case of ethylene dibromide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Mar;143(1):56-69. Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane, EDB) is metabolized by two routes: a conjugative route catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases (GST) and an oxidative route catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (P450). |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 2870801 | Inskeep PB, Koga N, Cmarik JL, Guengerich FP: Covalent binding of 1,2-dihaloalkanes to DNA and stability of the major DNA adduct, S-[2-(N7-guanyl) ethyl] Cancer Res. 1986 Jun;46(6):2839-44. The major DNA adduct formed from the carcinogen ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane, EDB) is S-[2-(N7-guanyl) ethyl] resulting from the reaction of guanyl residues with the half-mustard S-(2-bromoethyl) which is generated by glutathione S-transferase-catalyzed conjugation of EDB with |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 6373044 | Inskeep PB, Guengerich FP: -mediated binding of dibromoalkanes to DNA: specificity of rat glutathione-S-transferases and dibromoalkane structure. Carcinogenesis. 1984 Jun;5(6):805-8. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 1592216 | Kulkarni AP, Edwards J, Richards IS: Metabolism of 1,2-dibromoethane in the human fetal liver. . Gen Pharmacol. 1992 Jan;23(1):1-5. Toxicity of 1,2-dibromoethane requires bioactivation via glutathione S-transferase. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 8330352 | Simula TP, Glancey MJ, Wolf CR: Human glutathione S-transferase-expressing Salmonella typhimurium tester strains to study the activation/detoxification of mutagenic compounds: studies with halogenated compounds, aromatic amines and Carcinogenesis. 1993 Jul;14(7):1371-6. The ability of these GST to modulate the mutagenicity of a range of mutagens including ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride and methylene dichloride was then investigated. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8679012 | Chiarpotto E, Biasi F, Scavazza A, Camandola S, Aragno M, Tamagno E, Danni O, Dianzani MU, Poli G: involvement in -induced potentiation of rat hepatocyte damage due to the carcinogen 1,2-dibromoethane. Alcohol Alcohol. 1995 Nov;30(6):721-8. Previous experiments with hepatocytes isolated from -treated rats showed that potentiates the toxic action of 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE) by inhibiting its metabolism via glutathione-S-transferase. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 6758965 | Botti B, Moslen MT, Trieff NM, Reynolds ES: Transient decrease of liver cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities in rats given 1,2-dibromoethane or CCl4. Chem Biol Interact. 1982 Dec;42(3):259-70. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 7925074 | Datta K, Roy SK, Mitra AK, Kulkarni AP: Glutathione S-transferase mediated detoxification and bioactivation of xenobiotics during early human pregnancy. Early Hum Dev. 1994 Jun;37(3):167-74. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1363001 | Mitra A, Hilbelink DR, Dwornik JJ, Kulkarni A: A novel model to assess developmental toxicity of dihaloalkanes in humans: bioactivation of 1,2-dibromoethane by the isozymes of human fetal liver glutathione S-transferase. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1992;12(3):113-27. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8600370 | Graves RJ, Green T: Mouse liver glutathione S-transferase mediated metabolism of methylene to a mutagen in the CHO/HPRT assay. Mutat Res. 1996 Mar 1;367(3):143-50. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9093395 | DeLeve LD: Effect of decreased levels in hereditary glutathione synthetase deficiency on dibromoethane-induced genotoxicity in human fibroblasts. Mutat Res. 1997 Mar 17;389(2-3):291-7. The genotoxic effect of dibromoethane is thought to be due to glutathione S-transferase mediated metabolism. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3296321 | Ansari GA, Singh SV, Gan JC, Awasthi YC: Human erythrocyte glutathione S-transferase: a possible marker of chemical exposure. Toxicol Lett. 1987 Jun;37(1):57-62. All the model compounds tested in the present study (acrolein, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, ethylene dibromide and ethylene dichloride) showed a dose-dependent inactivation of erythrocyte GST in situ as well as the inhibition of purified erythrocyte GST. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 2889525 | Columbano A, Ledda-Columbano GM, Lee G, Rajalakshmi S, Sarma DS: Inability of mitogen-induced liver hyperplasia to support the induction of enzyme-altered islands induced by liver carcinogens. Cancer Res. 1987 Nov 1;47(21):5557-9. Male Wistar rats were given injections of a single nonnecrogenic dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea or benzo (a) pyrene during the S phase following the administration of four different liver mitogens, namely, lead ethylene dibromide, nafenopin, and cyproterone acetate, or during compensatory cell proliferation following partial hepatectomy or a necrogenic dose of CCl4. The carcinogen-altered hepatocytes were monitored as gamma-glutamyltransferase- or placental glutathione S-transferase-positive foci using a 2-wk promoting regimen consisting of 0.03% 2-acetylaminofluorene coupled with a necrogenic dose of CCl4. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9107551 | Wormhoudt LW, Commandeur JN, Ploemen JH, Abdoelgafoer RS, Makansi A, Van Bladeren PJ, Vermeulen NP: Urinary thiodiacetic acid. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Apr;25(4):508-15. 1,2-Dibromoethane (1,2-DBE) is a carcinogenic compound that is metabolized both by cytochrome P450 (P450) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes, and that has been used by us as a model compound to study interindividual variability in biotransformation reactions. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 2405459 | Alexeeff GV, Kilgore WW, Li MY: Ethylene dibromide: toxicology and risk assessment. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 1990;112:49-122. It appears to be metabolized in vivo by an oxidative pathway (cytochrome P-450) and a conjugation pathway (glutathione S-transferase). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7727522 | Ploemen JH, Wormhoudt LW, van Ommen B, Commandeur JN, Vermeulen NP, van Bladeren PJ: Polymorphism in the conjugation activity of human erythrocytes towards ethylene dibromide and 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Apr 13;1243(3):469-76. In the incubations with EPNP, the alpha-, mu-, and pi- class glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor S-hexyl (GSH) was included, indicating that the class-theta GST is the principal GST class conjugating EDB in erythrocyte cytosol. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9672661 | Hawkins WE, Walker WW, James MO, Manning CS, Barnes DH, Heard CS, Overstreet RM: Carcinogenic effects of 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide; EDB) in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Mutat Res. 1998 Mar 20;399(2):221-32. In separate studies, medaka exposed to 1.0 mg l-1 EDB for 2 to 5 weeks had elevated hepatic glutathione S-transferase activities, possibly indicating induction of a pathway that forms the reactive metabolite of EDB in mammals. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |