Protein Information

Name endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Synonyms Constitutive NOS; NOS 3; NOS3; EC NOS; ECNOS; ENOS; Endothelial NOS; Endothelial nitric oxidase synthase…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12615666 Ungvari Z, Csiszar A, Edwards JG, Kaminski PM, Wolin MS, Kaley G, Koller A: Increased superoxide production in coronary arteries in hyperhomocysteinemia: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, NAD (P) H oxidase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Mar 1;23(3):418-24. Epub 2003 Feb 13.

METHODS AND RESULTS: The increased generation of O2*- by HHcy coronary arteries was inhibited by SOD, diphenyleneiodonium, apocynin, and apocynin plus amino guanidine but was unaffected by allopurinol and rotenone.
Expression of p67phox, p22phox, and p47phox subunits and that of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, extracellular SOD (mRNA), and xanthine oxidase was unchanged.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20349346 Fujita Y, Hosokawa M, Fujimoto S, Mukai E, Abudukadier A, Obara A, Ogura M, Nakamura Y, Toyoda K, Nagashima K, Seino Y, Inagaki N: Metformin suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers fasting blood glucose levels through reactive nitrogen species in mice. Diabetologia. 2010 Mar 29.

Since metformin is a mild mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, we compared its effects on suppression of gluconeogenesis, AMPK activation and generation of the RNS peroxynitrite (ONOO (-)) with those of rotenone, a representative complex I inhibitor.
To determine whether endogenous nitric oxide production is required for ONOO (-) generation and metformin action, we used mice lacking endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11382920 Hoffmann A, Gloe T, Pohl U: Hypoxia-induced upregulation of eNOS gene expression is redox-sensitive: a comparison between hypoxia and inhibitors of cell metabolism. J Cell Physiol. 2001 Jul;188(1):33-44.

Several papers report a hypoxia-induced upregulation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA expression.
Therefore, cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) were exposed to hypoxia (1-10% O (2)) or inhibitors of cellular energy metabolism including rotenone, 2, 4 dinitrophenol (DNP) and 2-deoxyglucose for 6 to 24 h.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17389326 Chen YH, Lin SJ, Lin FY, Wu TC, Tsao CR, Huang PH, Liu PL, Chen YL, Chen JW: High glucose impairs early and late endothelial progenitor cells by modifying nitric oxide-related but not oxidative stress-mediated mechanisms. Diabetes. 2007 Jun;56(6):1559-68. Epub 2007 Mar 26.

Antioxidants including vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine-and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated superoxide dismutase, and PEG-catalase had no effects, whereas pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, diphenyleneiodonium, apocynin, and rotenone even deteriorated the downregulation of both EPCs.
Senescence assay and the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11929863 Zhang HJ, Zhao W, Venkataraman S, Robbins ME, Buettner GR, Kregel KC, Oberley LW: Activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 by overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells involves reactive oxygen species. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jun 7;277(23):20919-26. Epub 2002 Apr 2.


Treatment of MCF-7 cells with antimycin A or rotenone increased intracellular ROS production and MMP-2 activation simultaneously.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
9846647 Guidarelli A, Clementi E, Sciorati C, Cantoni O: The mechanism of the nitric oxide-mediated enhancement of tert-butylhydroperoxide-induced DNA single strand breakage. Br J Pharmacol. 1998 Nov;125(5):1074-80.


The SNAP- or GSNO-mediated enhancement of the tB-OOH-induced DNA cleavage was abolished by the respiratory chain inhibitors rotenone and myxothiazol and was not apparent in respiration-deficient cells. 5.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
16258387 Rambhia S, Mantione KJ, Stefano GB, Cadet P: Morphine modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome complex is neuroprotective. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Nov;11(11):BR386-96.


Rotenone, which induces oxidative stress and increases the expression of the proteasomal catalytic X subunit, causes the cells to die and morphine inhibits this process via NO.
0(0,0,0,0) Details