Protein Information

Name Cox 2
Synonyms COX 2; COX2; PHS2; PGG/HS; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2b; Cycloxygenase 2; PGH synthase 2…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16424801 Lecour S, Van der Merwe E, Opie LH, Sack MN: Ceramide attenuates hypoxic cell death via reactive oxygen species signaling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006 Jan;47(1):158-63.

Incubation of ceramide with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, NS 398 (10 microM), or with a mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitor, rotenone (10 microM) reduced the cytoprotective effect of ceramide in parallel with a partial diminution in ROS generation.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
14871987 Lee HY, Suh YA, Kosmeder JW, Pezzuto JM, Hong WK, Kurie JM: Deguelin-induced inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1;10(3):1074-9.

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19111607 Chen TY, Chi KH, Wang JS, Chien CL, Lin WW: Reactive oxygen species are involved in FasL-induced caspase-independent cell death and inflammatory responses. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Mar 1;46(5):643-55. Epub 2008 Dec 11.

This death is associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from mitochondria, as a ROS scavenger (BHA), antioxidants (trolox, NAC), and a mitochondrial respiratory chain uncoupler (rotenone) could prevent this event.
In addition to CICD, FasL also induces cyclooxygenase-2 and MIP-2 gene upregulation, and both responses are attributed to ROS-dependent JNK activation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11530235 Igwe OJ, Murray JN, Moolwaney AS: Interleukin 1-induced cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase gene expression in the rat dorsal root ganglia is modulated by antioxidants. Neuroscience. 2001;105(4):971-85.

Interleukin 1beta induced both nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene expression in dorsal root ganglion explant culture with increased NOS-2 and COX-2 activities, and corresponding increases in the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E (2).
Rotenone, another antioxidant that attenuates reactive oxygen species production by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport system, failed to inhibit interleukin 1beta-induced NOS-2 and COX-2 mRNA-encoding transcripts.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8662662 Tetsuka T, Baier LD, Morrison AR: Antioxidants inhibit interleukin-1-induced cyclooxygenase and nitric-oxide synthase expression in rat mesangial cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 May 17;271(20):11689-93.

We therefore evaluated the effects of antioxidants on IL-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in rat mesangial cells.
Another antioxidant, rotenone, which inhibits reactive oxygen intermediate production by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport system, did not inhibit IL-1beta-induced iNOS and Cox-2 mRNA expression but inhibited iNOS and Cox-2 protein expression, suggesting a post-transcriptional target for the inhibition of NOS and Cox-2 expression induced by IL-1beta.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16120427 Blanco FJ, Lopez-Armada MJ, Maneiro E: Mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoarthritis. . Mitochondrion. 2004 Sep;4(5-6):715-28. Epub 2004 Oct 1.

Inhibition of complex I with rotenone increases the expression and synthesis of Bcl-2 and Cox-2, both effects are similar effects to produced by IL-1 in human chondrocytes.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
17481595 Hu JH, Zhu XZ: Rotenone-induced neurotoxicity of THP-1 cells requires production of reactive oxygen species and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Brain Res. 2007 Jun 11;1153:12-9. Epub 2007 Mar 12.

Rotenone treatment of THP-1 cells also led to upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and secretion of prostaglandin E2.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
17356569 Zhou F, Wu JY, Sun XL, Yao HH, Ding JH, Hu G: Iptakalim alleviates rotenone-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons through inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2007 Dec;32(12):2570-80. Epub 2007 Mar 14.

In the present study, we demonstrated that systematic administration with iptakalim (IPT), an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channel (K (ATP)) opener, could alleviate rotenone-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra along with the downregulation of microglial activation and mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).
31(0,1,1,1) Details