Protein Information

Name CA1
Synonyms CA IX; CA1; Carbonic anhydrase I; CA2; CAII; Carbonic anhydrase II; Carbonic dehydratase; Carbonic anhydrase III…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
6426323 DuBose TD Jr, Caflisch CR, Bidani A: Role of metabolic CO2 production in the generation of elevated renal cortical PCO2. Am J Physiol. 1984 May;246(5 Pt 2):F592-9.

PCO2 was measured in vivo with PCO2 microelectrodes in early (EP) and late proximal (LP) tubules and stellate vessels (SV) during control conditions and after hyperoncotic albumin, aortic constriction, vanadate, rotenone, or 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) per renal artery, and carbonic anhydrase infusion.
8(0,0,1,3) Details
9375690 Davey GP, Canevari L, Clark JB: Threshold effects in synaptosomal and nonsynaptic mitochondria from hippocampal CA1 and paramedian neocortex brain regions. J Neurochem. 1997 Dec;69(6):2564-70.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
15673665 Allen NJ, Karadottir R, Attwell D: A preferential role for glycolysis in preventing the anoxic depolarization of rat hippocampal area CA1 pyramidal cells. J Neurosci. 2005 Jan 26;25(4):848-59.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
10650976 Zawar C, Neumcke B: Differential activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels during energy depletion in CA1 pyramidal cells and interneurones of rat hippocampus. Pflugers Arch. 2000 Jan;439(3):256-62.

Energy depletion was produced by removing glucose from the bath or by inhibiting mitochondrial metabolism using rotenone.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7838688 Curci S, Debellis L, Caroppo R, Fromter E: Model of bicarbonate secretion by resting frog stomach fundus mucosa. Pflugers Arch. 1994 Oct;428(5-6):648-54.

ASR was high (0.88 +/- S.E. 0.09 microEq.cm-2.h-1, n = 11) during serosal bath perfusion with HCO (3-)-Ringer solution, decreased slightly to 0.50 +/- 0.07 microEq.cm-2.h-1 (n = 6) in HCO (3-)-free HEPES-buffered Ringer solution of the same pH, and decreased to approximately 20% when carbonic anhydrase was inhibited by acetazolamide.
While replacement of mucosal or serosal Cl- did not--within 1 h--significantly alter ASR, replacement of serosal Na+ in the presence or absence of HCO3- strongly reduced ASR, and a similar reduction was observed after serosal application of the anion transport inhibitor DIDS (4,4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulphonate, 2.10 (-4) mol/l), the metabolic poison rotenone (10 (-5) mol/l), the uncoupler dinitrophenol (10 (-4) mol/l), and the Na+ pump inhibitor ouabain (10 (-4) mol/l), while serosal amiloride (10 (-4) mol/l) had no effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18646208 Maalouf M, Rho JM: Oxidative impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation involves activation of protein phosphatase 2A and is prevented by ketone bodies. J Neurosci Res. 2008 Nov 15;86(15):3322-30.


We found that: 1) a combination of ACA and BHB (1 mM each) prevented impairment of LTP by H (2) O (2) (200 microM); 2) KB significantly lowered intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)--measured with the fluorescent indicator carboxy-H (2) DCFDA (carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate)--in CA1 pyramidal neurons exposed to H (2) O (2); 3) the effect of KB on LTP was replicated by the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor fostriecin; 4) KB prevented impairment of LTP by the PP2A activator C (6) ceramide; 5) fostriecin did not prevent the increase in ROS levels in CA1 pyramidal neurons exposed to H (2) O (2), and C (6) ceramide did not increase ROS levels; 6) PP2A activity was enhanced by both H (2) O (2) and rotenone (a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor that increases endogenous superoxide production); and 7) KB inhibited PP2A activity in protein extracts from brain tissue treated with either H (2) O (2) or ceramide.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
12226508 Huertas IE, Colman B, Espie GS: Mitochondrial-driven bicarbonate transport supports photosynthesis in a marine microalga. Plant Physiol. 2002 Sep;130(1):284-91.

The CO (2)-concentrating mechanism (CCM) of the marine eustigmatophycean microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana consists of an active HCO (3)(-) transport system and an internal carbonic anhydrase to facilitate accumulation and conversion of HCO (3)(-) to CO (2) for photosynthetic fixation.
However, low concentrations of cyanide, azide, and rotenone along with anoxia significantly reduced or abolished (13) CO (2) efflux in the dark and light.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11205140 Waldmeier PC, Boulton AA, Cools AR, Kato AC, Tatton WG: Neurorescuing effects of the GAPDH ligand CGP 3466B. J Neural Transm Suppl. 2000;(60):197-214.

In concentrations ranging from 10 (-13)-10 (-5) M, it rescues partially differentiated PC12 cells from apoptosis induced by trophic withdrawal, cerebellar granule cells from apoptosis induced by cytosine arabinoside, rat embryonic mesencephalic dopaminergic cells from death caused by MPP+, and PAJU human neuroblastoma cells from death caused by rotenone.
In vivo, it rescued facial motor neuron cell bodies in rat pups after axotomy, rat hippocampal CA1 neurons after transient ischemia/hypoxia, and mouse nigral dopaminergic cell bodies from death induced by MPTP, in doses ranging between 0.0003 and 0.1 mg/kg p.o. or s.c., depending on the model.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11705700 Frantseva MV, Carlen PL, Perez Velazquez JL: Dynamics of intracellular calcium and free radical production during ischemia in pyramidal neurons. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Nov 15;31(10):1216-27.

We investigated the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to free radical (FR) overproduction in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons of organotypic slices subjected to a hypoxic-hypoglycemic insult.
Ischemia-induced FR generation was decreased by the mitochondrial complex I blocker, rotenone, indicating that mitochondria are the principal source of ischemic FR production.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16029202 Buchheim K, Wessel O, Siegmund H, Schuchmann S, Meierkord H: Processes and components participating in the generation of intrinsic optical signal changes in vitro. Eur J Neurosci. 2005 Jul;22(1):125-32.

Rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, yielded decreased amplitudes of the intrinsic optical signal (27 +/- 7% after 40 min, P < 0.01).
During antidromic stimulation at minimum stimulation strength the increase in light transmittance was 75 +/- 8% (P < 0.05), and during orthodromic minimum stimulation 19.6 +/- 5.6% (P < 0.001) in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1-region.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18234847 Buttigieg J, Brown ST, Lowe M, Zhang M, Nurse CA: Functional mitochondria are required for O2 but not CO2 sensing in immortalized adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008 Apr;294(4):C945-56. Epub 2008 Jan 30.

In contrast, mitochondria-deficient (rho (0)) MAH cells were hypoxia insensitive, although responses to hypercapnia and expression of several markers, including carbonic anhydrase II, remained intact.
Rotenone (1 microM), a mitochondrial complex I blocker known to mimic and occlude the effects of hypoxia in primary AMC, was effective in wild-type but not rho (0) MAH cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19196822 Marin-Corral J, Minguella J, Ramirez-Sarmiento AL, Hussain SN, Gea J, Barreiro E: Oxidised proteins and superoxide anion production in the diaphragm of severe COPD patients. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jun;33(6):1309-19. Epub 2009 Feb 5.

In severe COPD patients compared with controls, respiratory muscle function was impaired; creatine kinase, carbonic anhydrase III, actin and myosin were oxidised; myosin carbonylation levels were increased five-fold; creatine kinase content and activity and myosin protein were reduced; superoxide anion levels were increased in both mitochondria and membrane compartments; and the percentage of superoxide anion inhibition achieved by rotenone was significantly greater.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
14715437 Xu G, Perez-Pinzon MA, Sick TJ: Mitochondrial complex I inhibition produces selective damage to hippocampal subfield CA1 in organotypic slice cultures. Neurotox Res. 2003;5(7):529-38.

Treatment with 1 micro M Rotenone caused greater cell death in hippocampal subfield CA1 than CA3.
14(0,0,2,4) Details