Protein Information

Name annexin V
Synonyms ANX 5; PP4; ENX2; ANX5; ANXA 5; ANXA5; Anchorin CII; Annexin 5…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17649631 Liu HL, Chen Y, Cui GH, Wu QL, Chen WH, He J: [Effect of deguelin on proliferation and apoptosis of lymphoma Daudi cells and its mechanism]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2007 Mar;29(3):176-80.


Apoptosis was assessed through Hoechst 33258 staining and annexin V/PI double-labeled cytometry.
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18385062 He Y, Leung KW, Zhang YH, Duan S, Zhong XF, Jiang RZ, Peng Z, Tombran-Tink J, Ge J: Mitochondrial complex I defect induces ROS release and degeneration in trabecular meshwork cells of POAG patients: protection by antioxidants. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Apr;49(4):1447-58.

Primary TM cultures were treated with one of the following mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors: rotenone (ROT, complex I inhibitor), thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA, complex II inhibitor), myxothiazol or antimycin A (MYX, AM-complex III inhibitors); mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA); and antioxidants vitamin E (Vit E) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, determined by H (2)-DCF-DA, and cell death, measured by lactate dehydrogenase activity and Annexin V-FITC labeling, were also examined.
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17497282 Wu Q, Chen Y, Liu H, He J: Anti-cancer effects of deguelin on human leukemia K562 and K562/ADM cells In Vitro. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2007 Apr;27(2):149-52.


Apoptosis were detected by Annexin V/PI double-labeled cytometry.
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19455392 Chen Y, Wu Q, Cui GH, Chen YQ, Li R: Deguelin blocks cells survival signal pathways and induces apoptosis of HL-60 cells in vitro. Int J Hematol. 2009 Jun;89(5):618-23. Epub 2009 May 20.


Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), expression of p-Akt, Bcl-2 and surviving in HL-60 cells was checked by Western blot.
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16539850 Chen WH, Chen Y, Cui GH: Deguelin inhibits expression of IkappaBalpha protein in Raji and U937 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006 Apr;27(4):485-90.


Apoptosis was detected through annexin V/PI double-labeled cytometry.
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15960896 Liu HL, Chen Y, Cui GH, Wu QL, He J: Regulating expressions of cyclin D1, pRb, and anti-cancer effects of deguelin on human Burkitt's lymphoma Daudi cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2005 Jul;26(7):873-80.


Apoptosis were detected through Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V/PI double-labeled cytometry.
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10491287 Mills KI, Woodgate LJ, Gilkes AF, Walsh V, Sweeney MC, Brown G, Burnett AK: Inhibition of mitochondrial function in HL60 cells is associated with an increased apoptosis and expression of CD14. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Sep 24;263(2):294-300.

The potential of mitochondrial inhibitors to induce differentiation was investigated by treating the HL60 cells with either the NADH dehydrogenase inhibitor, Rotenone, the complex III inhibitor, Antimycin A, or the highly specific mitochondrial ATP-synthase inhibitor, Oligomycin.
The increased expression of CD14 was accompanied by a decrease in viability and all CD14 positive cells were also positive for Annexin V, a marker of apoptosis.
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18325346 MacKenzie EL, Ray PD, Tsuji Y: Role and regulation of ferritin H in rotenone-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 May 1;44(9):1762-71. Epub 2008 Feb 13.

Furthermore, reduced ferritin H expression by siRNA sensitized cells to rotenone-induced apoptosis with increased ROS production and annexin V-positive cells.
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19681808 Dekker P, Maier AB, van Heemst D, de Koning-Treurniet C, Blom J, Dirks RW, Tanke HJ, Westendorp RG: Stress-induced responses of human skin fibroblasts in vitro reflect human longevity. Aging Cell. 2009 Sep;8(5):595-603. Epub 2009 Aug 4.

Stress-induced increases were lower for SA-beta-gal activity (rotenone: P = 0.064, hyperglycemia: P < 0.001) and higher for apoptosis/cell death (Annexin V+/PI- cells: P = 0.041, Annexin V+/PI+ cells: P = 0.008).
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19610261 Lee YA, Shin MH: Mitochondrial respiration is required for activation of ERK1/2 and caspase-3 in human eosinophils stimulated with hydrogen peroxide. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2009;19(3):188-94.

H2O2-induced eosinophil apoptosis was measured by staining cells with annexin V.
Eosinophils were pretreated with rotenone, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, before H2O2 was added.
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19364071 Hanson MS, Steffen A, Danobeitia JS, Ludwig B, Fernandez LA: Flow cytometric quantification of glucose-stimulated beta-cell metabolic flux can reveal impaired islet functional potency. Cell Transplant. 2008;17(12):1337-47.


INS-1 and rat islet beta-cells were stained with fluorescent probes for cell viability (ToPro3), apoptosis (Annexin V and VADFMK), and intracellular calcium (Ca2+(i)) (Fura Red), stimulated with glucose, and analyzed on a FACS Vantage flow cytometer.
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19633536 Li Y, Rory Goodwin C, Sang Y, Rosen EM, Laterra J, Xia S: Camptothecin and Fas receptor agonists synergistically induce medulloblastoma cell death: ROS-dependent mechanisms. Anticancer Drugs. 2009 Oct;20(9):770-8.

Moreover, the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I inhibitor rotenone potentiated CH-11-induced apoptosis in DAOY cells.
Synergistic cell death was found to be predominantly apoptotic involving both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways as evidenced by annexin V staining, cleavage of caspases (3, 8, and 9), Bid and PARP, and cytoprotection by caspase inhibitors.
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17227556 Armann B, Hanson MS, Hatch E, Steffen A, Fernandez LA: Quantification of basal and stimulated ROS levels as predictors of islet potency and function. Am J Transplant. 2007 Jan;7(1):38-47.

Also, flow cytometric analyses of ROS (dihydroethidine), apoptosis (Annexin V, active caspases), necrosis (Topro3), and mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1) were done in parallel to correlate with changes in luminol-measured ROS.
The ROS indices following glucose and rotenone exposure are indicative of metabolic potency and mitochondrial integrity and can be used as surrogate markers to evaluate the quality of islets prior to transplantation.
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11121805 Hsieh CC, Yen MH, Yen CH, Lau YT: Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces apoptosis via generation of reactive oxygen species in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res. 2001 Jan;49(1):135-45.

Since oxLDL-induced ROS generation were inhibited by nordihydroguaiaretic acid and rotenone, lipoxygenase and mitochondrial pathways could be involved.
METHODS: Cultured VSMC from rat aorta were treated with oxLDL, apoptosis and necrosis were distinguished by using FITC-annexin V label and propidium iodide stain, analyzed by flow cytometry.
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15808420 Aronis A, Madar Z, Tirosh O: Mechanism underlying oxidative stress-mediated lipotoxicity: exposure of J774.2 macrophages to triacylglycerols facilitates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and cellular necrosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 May 1;38(9):1221-30.

Dual staining with propidium iodide and Annexin V followed by flow cytometric analysis showed that TG facilitated cell death with clear necrotic characteristics.
TG-mediated ROS production was demonstrated to be via mitochondrial complex 1 of the electron-transfer chain since the inhibitor of complex 1 rotenone significantly attenuated the cellular ROS levels in TG-treated cells.
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