Protein Information

Name gp91 phox
Synonyms CGD; CGD91 PHOX; CYBB; Cytochrome B 245 heavy chain; Cytochrome B(558) beta chain; Cytochrome b(558) subunit beta; Cytochrome b 245 beta polypeptide; Cytochrome b558 subunit beta…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12867501 Gao HM, Liu B, Hong JS: Critical role for microglial NADPH oxidase in rotenone-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. J Infect Dis. 2000 Jun;181(6):1885-90. Epub 2000 Jun 5.

In this study, using primary mesencephalic cultures from NADPH oxidase--null (gp91phox-/-) or wild-type (gp91phox+/+) mice, we demonstrated a critical role for microglial NADPH oxidase in mediating microglia-enhanced rotenone neurotoxicity.
18(0,0,3,3) Details
16647052 Muzaffar S, Shukla N, Angelini GD, Jeremy JY: Superoxide auto-augments superoxide formation and upregulates gp91 (phox) expression in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells: inhibition by iloprost. J Neurosci. 2005 Oct 5;25(40):9176-84.

Rotenone and allopurinol were without effect.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
10393927 Archer SL, Reeve HL, Michelakis E, Puttagunta L, Waite R, Nelson DP, Dinauer MC, Weir EK: O2 sensing is preserved in mice lacking the gp91 phox subunit of NADPH oxidase. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 May 24;538(1-3):108-14. Epub 2006 Mar 28.

Inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium) and mitochondrial complex 1 (rotenone) both inhibit PASMC whole-cell K+ current but lack the specificity to identify the O2-sensor pathway.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16762927 Hidalgo C, Sanchez G, Barrientos G, Aracena-Parks P: A transverse tubule NADPH oxidase activity stimulates calcium release from isolated triads via ryanodine receptor type 1 S -glutathionylation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 14;280(41):34966-73. Epub 2005 Jul 17.

Immunohistochemical determinations with NOX antibodies showed that the gp91 (phox) membrane subunit and the cytoplasmic regulatory p47 (phox) subunit co-localized in transverse tubules of adult mice fibers with the alpha1s subunit of dihydropyridine receptors.
NADPH or NADH elicited superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide generation by isolated triads; both activities were inhibited by NOX inhibitors but not by rotenone.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16207877 Abramov AY, Jacobson J, Wientjes F, Hothersall J, Canevari L, Duchen MR: Expression and modulation of an NADPH oxidase in mammalian astrocytes. . J Neurosci. 2003 Jul 16;23(15):6181-7.

This was independent of mitochondrial ROS production, because it was unaffected by mitochondrial depolarization with rotenone and oligomycin.
Responses were absent in transgenic mice lacking gp91phox.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18522491 Wenzel P, Mollnau H, Oelze M, Schulz E, Wickramanayake JM, Muller J, Schuhmacher S, Hortmann M, Baldus S, Gori T, Brandes RP, Munzel T, Daiber A: First evidence for a crosstalk between mitochondrial and NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species in nitroglycerin-triggered vascular dysfunction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jul 6;96(14):7944-9.

Nitrate tolerance was induced by nitroglycerin infusion in male Wistar rats (100 microg/h/4 day) and in C57/Bl6, p47 (phox/) and gp91 (phox/) mice (50 microg/h/4 day).
Vice versa, nitrate tolerance was attenuated by co-treatment with the respiratory chain complex I inhibitor rotenone (100 microg/h/4 day) or the mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker cyclosporine A (50 microg/h/4 day).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16686432 Nurse CA, Buttigieg J, Thompson R, Zhang M, Cutz E: Oxygen sensing in neuroepithelial and adrenal chromaffin cells. Novartis Found Symp. 2006;272:106-14; discussion 114-8

Accordingly, hypoxic sensitivity is lost in NEBs from transgenic mice deficient in the gp91 (phox) subunit of NADPH oxidase; it is, however, retained in neonatal AMCs from these transgenic mice.
For example, the complex I blocker, rotenone (1 microM), mimics hypoxia in causing K+ channel inhibition and ATP secretion, and occludes hypoxic sensitivity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10837166 Kaul P, Biagioli MC, Singh I, Turner RB: Rhinovirus-induced oxidative stress and interleukin-8 elaboration involves p47-phox but is independent of attachment to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and viral replication. J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):26473-82. Epub 2006 Jun 8.

Treatment of cells with diphenylene iodonium inhibited virus-induced oxidative stress and IL-8 elaboration, but allopurinol, ibuprofen, and rotenone had no effect.
Studies in cell lines produced from a patient with gp91-phox deficiency revealed normal responses.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16024921 Yang T, Zhang A, Honeggar M, Kohan DE, Mizel D, Sanders K, Hoidal JR, Briggs JP, Schnermann JB: Hypertonic induction of COX-2 in collecting duct cells by reactive oxygen species of mitochondrial origin. 131-40.


The increases in ROSs in response to hypertonic treatment were completely blocked by any one of the mitochondrial inhibitors tested, such as rotenone, thenoyltrifluoroacetone, or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, associated with remarkable inhibition of COX-2 expression.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
19371610 Mo Y, Wan R, Chien S, Tollerud DJ, Zhang Q: Activation of endothelial cells after exposure to ambient ultrafine particles: the role of NADPH oxidase. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2008 Aug;10(8):1435-47.


Our results showed that UFPs, at a non-toxic dose, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MPMVEC) that was inhibited by pre-treatment with the ROS scavengers or inhibitors, but not with the mitochondrial inhibitor, rotenone.
0(0,0,0,0) Details