Protein Information

Name gamma glutamyltransferase
Synonyms CD224; CD224 antigen; D22S672; D22S732; GGT; GGT 1; GGT1; GGT1 protein…

Compound Information

Name HCH
CAS 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
6191977 Ito N, Tsuda H, Hasegawa R, Imaida K: Comparison of the promoting effects of various agents in induction of preneoplastic lesions in rat liver. Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Apr;50:131-8.


Of the miscellaneous compounds tested, phenobarbital, deoxycholic acid and ethynyl estradiol also induced gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) positive foci.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7532877 Luebeck EG, Grasl-Kraupp B, Timmermann-Trosiener I, Bursch W, Schulte-Hermann R, Moolgavkar SH: Growth kinetics of enzyme-altered liver foci in rats treated with phenobarbital or alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;130(2):304-15.


A quantitative method based upon a stochastic model for the appearance of initiated cells and their clonal growth was used to estimate cell birth and death rates in enzyme-altered liver foci (EAF). gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT)-positive foci were initiated in livers of female SPF Wistar rats by a single application of N-nitrosomorpholine.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18940228 Anilakumar KR, Saritha V, Khanum F, Bawa AS: Ameliorative effect of ajwain extract on hexachlorocyclohexane-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Feb;47(2):279-82. Epub 2008 Oct 4.


Prefeeding of ajwain extract at 1% level to rats injected with HCH reverted the significant changes in catalase, G-6-PDH, GST and -glutamyl transpeptidase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7691758 Nigam SK, Karnik AB, Chattopadhyay P, Lakkad BC, Venkaiah K, Kashyap SK: Clinical and biochemical investigations to evolve early diagnosis in workers involved in the manufacture of hexachlorocyclohexane. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1993;65(1 Suppl):S193-6.


A significant positive correlation to liver related enzymes gamma GT, LAP and Alp.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2431769 Schroter C, Parzefall W, Schroter H, Schulte-Hermann R: Dose-response studies on the effects of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane on putative preneoplastic foci, monooxygenases, and growth in rat liver. Cancer Res. 1987 Jan 1;47(1):80-8.


Foci were identified by means of the gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction and by morphological alterations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2427192 Hasegawa R, Tsuda H, Shirai T, Kurata Y, Masuda A, Ito N: Effect of timing of partial hepatectomy on the induction of preneoplastic liver foci in rats given hepatocarcinogens. Cancer Lett. 1986 Jul;32(1):15-23.


The size of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase positive foci was largest when PH was performed 1-3 weeks after the start of chemical feeding.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1691053 Gerbracht U, Bursch W, Kraus P, Putz B, Reinacher M, Timmermann-Trosiener I, Schulte-Hermann R: Effects of hypolipidemic drugs nafenopin and clofibrate on phenotypic expression and cell death (apoptosis) in altered foci of rat liver. Carcinogenesis. 1990 Apr;11(4):617-24.


Foci were identified by a positive reaction for gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) and other cytological markers.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8519523 Prasad AK, Pant N, Srivastava SC, Kumar R, Srivastava SP: Effect of dermal application of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on male reproductive system of rat. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1995 Jun;14(6):484-8.


The results indicate that exposure of HCH through the dermal route could lead to an alteration in the activities of marker testicular enzymes viz. sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and beta-glucuronidase (beta Gluc.) associated with specific cell types. 3.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15501386 Pant N, Mathur N, Banerjee AK, Srivastava SP, Saxena DK: Correlation of chlorinated pesticides concentration in semen with seminal vesicle and prostatic markers. Reprod Toxicol. 2004 Dec;19(2):209-14.


An elevation in the fructose level along with decrease in the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and acid phosphatase activity was noticed in infertile men as compared to fertile subjects.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2430350 Kashyap SK: Health surveillance and biological monitoring of pesticide formulators in India. Toxicol Lett. 1986 Oct;33(1-3):107-14.


Changes in the liver enzymes ornithine carbamyl transferase (OCT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and in immunoglobulin M (IgM) showed possible effects on liver and humoral immunity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2873904 Reinacher M, Eigenbrodt E, Gerbracht U, Zenk G, Timmermann-Trosiener I, Bentley P, Waechter F, Schulte-Hermann R: Pyruvate kinase isoenzymes in altered foci and carcinoma of rat liver. . Carcinogenesis. 1986 Aug;7(8):1351-7.


Most L-PK- foci showed increases in gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and epoxide hydrolase (EH).
1(0,0,0,1) Details