| Name | glutathione S transferase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2… |
| Name | deltamethrin |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8435483 | Mourya DT, Hemingway J, Leake CJ: Changes in enzyme titres with age in four geographical strains of Aedes aegypti and their association with insecticide resistance. Med Vet Entomol. 1993 Jan;7(1):11-6. The enzymes acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and general esterases were assayed in four strains of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes aged between 1 and 30 days. Insecticide bioassays showed that two strains (Trinidad and Virtudes) of Ae. aegypti were resistant to DDT, deltamethrin and malathion, whereas two other strains (Bangkok and Indian) were susceptible to all four classes of insecticides tested. |
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| 1907908 | Krechniak J, Wrzesniowska K: Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on hepatic microsomal enzymes in rats. Environ Res. 1991 Aug;55(2):129-34. Animals were treated orally with cypermethrin (80 mg/kg), deltamethrin (15 mg/kg), and permethrin (100 mg/kg), as a solution in soyabean oil, for 1 to 20 days. The content of cytochromes P-450 and b5, activity of cytochrome P-450 reductase, glutathione S-transferase, 4-hydroxylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase in microsomes, the activity of glutathione S-transferase, and the level of sulfhydryl groups in cytosol were determined. |
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| 10774652 | Karunaratne SH: Insecticide cross-resistance spectra and underlying resistance mechanisms of Sri Lankan anopheline vectors of malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1999 Sep;30(3):460-9. Higher glutathione-S-transferase activity was marked in An. subpictus. An. culicifacies was susceptible to propoxur, deltamethrin and lambda cyhalothrin and An. subpictus to cypermethrin and lambda cyhalothrin. |
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| 16001157 | Atif F, Parvez S, Pandey S, Ali M, Kaur M, Rehman H, Khan HA, Raisuddin S: Modulatory effect of cadmium exposure on deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in Channa punctata Bloch. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2005 Oct;49(3):371-7. Epub 2005 Jul 6. Activities of peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-S-transferase were also studied in liver, kidney, and gills. |
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| 7777922 | Mourya DT, Gokhale MD, Banerjee K: Effect of sublethal dosages of insecticides on chikungunya virus susceptible and refractory strains of Aedes aegypti. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1994 Sep;25(3):536-42. Three strains of Aedes aegypti mosquitos viz (i) CRS, refractory to Chikungunya (CHIK) virus by oral route of infection but susceptible to DDT (2) CSS, susceptible to CHIK virus and also susceptible to DDT (3) CSS-DDTR, susceptible to CHIK virus but resistant to DDT, were examined for the effect of sublethal dosages of DDT and deltamethrin on their fecundity. Biochemical analysis showed that there was an increase in glutathione s-transferase activity in the CSS-DDTR strain which was associated with DDT resistance. |
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| 12232873 | Bouvier JC, Boivin T, Beslay D, Sauphanor B: Age-dependent response to insecticides and enzymatic variation in susceptible and resistant codling moth larvae. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2002 Oct;51(2):55-66. The aim of this study was to follow the age variations in larval susceptibility to deltamethrin and teflubenzuron in one susceptible (S) strain, and two resistant (Rv and Rt) ones selected for resistance to deltamethrin and diflubenzuron, respectively. The age variation of the activities of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase (MFO), glutathione S-transferases (GST), and esterases in S and both resistant strains were simultaneously investigated. |
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| 15262281 | Yang Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Devine GJ, Denholm I, Jewess P, Moores GD: The involvement of microsomal oxidases in pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera from Asia. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;34(8):763-73. In the resistant strains, minor increases in glutathione S-transferase activity (to the substrates CDNB and DCNB), and esterase activity (to the substrate alpha-naphthyl further suggested that, of the putative metabolic mechanisms, oxidases are the most important. The strain 'YG' exhibited 7-, 14- and 21-fold resistance to fenvalerate, cypermethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. |
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| 12831135 | Chareonviriyaphap T, Rongnoparut P, Chantarumporn P, Bangs MJ: Biochemical detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in Anopheles minimus in Thailand. J Vector Ecol. 2003 Jun;28(1):108-16. Enzyme-based metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance were investigated, comparing a deltamethrin-susceptible parent stock and resistant colonies of Anopheles minimus species A using biochemical assays. Expression of levels of non-specific esterases, monooxygenases, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) were measured. |
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| 7473074 | Villarini M, Moretti M, Scassellati-Sforzolini G, Monarca S, Pasquini R, Crea MG, Leonardis C: Studies on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rats treated with insecticide deltamethrin. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1995;14(1):45-52. The following enzyme activities were studied: NADPH-cytochrome-P450 reductase, aryl-hydrocarbon hydroxylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase, glutamyl synthetase, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidase, peroxisomal acyl- oxidase, catalase, and urate oxidase. |
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| 19225809 | Jagadeshwaran U, Vijayan VA: Biochemical characterization of deltamethrin resistance in a laboratory-selected strain of Aedes aegypti. Parasitol Res. 2009 Jun;104(6):1431-8. Epub 2009 Feb 19. Significant elevation in the activity of alpha- and beta-esterases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), CYTP450 (CYTP450), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) were noticed in DR. |
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| 19274371 | Fonseca-Gonzalez I, Quinones ML, McAllister J, Brogdon WG: Mixed-function oxidases and esterases associated with cross-resistance between DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin in Anopheles darlingi Root 1926 populations from Colombia. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Feb;104(1):18-26. All field populations were susceptible to deltamethrin, permethrin, malathion and fenitrothion. Enzyme levels related to insecticide resistance, including mixed function oxidases (MFO), non-specific esterases (NSE), glutathione S-transferases and modified acetylcholinesterase were evaluated in all populations and compared with a susceptible natural strain. |
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| 12866824 | Ganesh KN, Urmila J, Vijayan VA: Pyrethroid susceptibility & enzyme activity in two malaria vectors, Anopheles stephensi (Liston) &. Indian J Med Res. 2003 Jan;117:30-8. We subjected these vectors to larval bioassay using two popular pyrethroids viz deltamethrin and permethrin. An attempt was also made to correlate the activities of certain detoxifying enzymes such as A- esterase, B-esterase, glutathione-S transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) with the tolerance levels of the two vectors. |
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| 18179425 | Muller P, Chouaibou M, Pignatelli P, Etang J, Walker ED, Donnelly MJ, Simard F, Ranson H: Pyrethroid tolerance is associated with elevated expression of antioxidants and agricultural practice in Anopheles arabiensis sampled from an area of cotton fields in Northern Cameroon. Mol Ecol. 2008 Feb;17(4):1145-55. Epub 2007 Dec 20. The tolerance of the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis to deltamethrin was determined in a field population from a cotton-growing region of Northern Cameroon both prior to and midway through the 4-month period of insecticide application to the cotton crop. Several genes with antioxidant roles, including superoxide dismutases, a glutathione S-transferase and a thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase, and a cytochrome P450 showed elevated expression in mosquito families collected during the insecticide-spraying programme. |
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| 9353211 | Moretti M, Villarini M, Scassellati-Sforzolini G, Pasquini R, Monarca S: Applicability of aspecific noninvasive methods for biomonitoring of occupational exposure to deltamethrin: preliminary study using an animal model. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1997 Oct;33(3):323-8. |
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| 17710279 | Dzul FA, Patricia Penilla R, Rodriguez AD: [Susceptibility and insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles albimanus from the southern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico]. Salud Publica Mex. 2007 Jul-Aug;49(4):302-11. Blanco municipality in Quintana Roo and the Calakmul municipality in Campeche, were exposed to deltamethrin, DDT, pirimiphos-methyl and bendiocarb in susceptibility tests, as well as to biochemical assays in order to calculate the enzyme levels related to insecticide resistance. Biochemical assays showed high levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 and esterases (with pNPA substrate) in all villages. |
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| 16105448 | Li HY, Shi N, Chen D, Dai ZH, Lu WH, Wang B, Li YR: [Oxidative stress of deltamethrin on rat nervous system] . Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;23(2):97-101. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD, including Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus tissue were determined. |
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| 18508027 | Daaboub J, Ben Cheikh R, Lamari A, Ben Jha I, Feriani M, Boubaker C, Ben Cheikh H: Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) from Tunisia. Acta Trop. 2008 Jul;107(1):30-6. Epub 2008 Apr 22. The use of synergists showed that the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases had a major contribution to the permethrin and deltamethrin resistance and that the esterases (and/or glutathione-S-transferases) had only a minor contribution. |
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| 16978760 | Yousef MI, Awad TI, Mohamed EH: Deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in rat and its attenuation by Toxicology. 2006 Oct 29;227(3):240-7. Epub 2006 Aug 14. The activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly decreased due to deltamethrin administration. |
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| 11297102 | Enayati AA, Vontas JG, Small GJ, McCarroll L, Hemingway J: Quantification of pyrethroid insecticides from treated bednets using a mosquito recombinant glutathione S-transferase. Med Vet Entomol. 2001 Mar;15(1):58-63. Standard curves of insecticide concentration against percentage of enzyme inhibition or volume of solution were established by spectrophotometry and volumetric titration, respectively, for permethrin and deltamethrin. |
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| 18399473 | Mesbah HA, Saad AS, Mourad AK, Taman FA, Mohamed IB: Joint action of with four insecticides on the cotton leaf-worm larvae, Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lep. : Noctuidae) in Egypt. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2007;72(3):445-57. The present results proved the synergistic effect of when combined with four insecticides, namely, profenofos (organophosphates), deltamethrin (pyrethroid), and tebufenozide et hexaflumuron as insect growth regulators against the studied insect-pest. role as a synergist might be attributed to its ability to inhibit certain active oxidases, which may be responsible for in vivo detoxification of the intact insecticides when applied to insect larvae, through glutathione-S-transferase. |
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| 15849966 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, Diaz C, Soca LA: [Cross resistance to pyrethroids in Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by the selection with organophosphate malathion]. Rev Cubana Med Trop. 2003 May-Aug;55(2):105-11. None or little cross resistance to the following organophosphate insecticides was observed: fenthion, temephos and fenitrotion; however, it was found an elevated cross resistance to deltamethrin pyrethroid, with a value of 287.5x in the third generation of selection. Nevertheless, there was an increase in the frequency of the glutathione-s-transferase mechanism from 0.049 in Santiago de Cuba to 0.42 in SAN-F5, which may be associated with the resistance to pyrethroids. |
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| 19937914 | Feng Y, Wu Q, Wang S, Chang X, Xie W, Xu B, Zhang Y: Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Mar;66(3):313-8. No cross-resistance to fipronil, chlorpyrifos or deltamethrin was seen. |
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| 14746982 | da Silva Vaz I Jr, Torino Lermen T, Michelon A, Sanchez Ferreira CA, Joaquim de Freitas DR, Termignoni C, Masuda A: Effect of acaricides on the activity of a Boophilus microplus glutathione S-transferase. Vet Parasitol. 2004 Jan 30;119(2-3):237-45. Some acaricides (ethion, amitraz, chlorpyrifos, DDT, cypermethrin, diazinon, ivermectin, deltamethrin and flumethrin) inhibited rGST. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15157234 | da Silva Vaz Jnr I, Imamura S, Ohashi K, Onuma M: Cloning, expression and partial characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis and a Rhipicephalus appendiculatus glutathione S-transferase. Insect Mol Biol. 2004 Jun;13(3):329-35. In addition, we determine the effect of three acaricides (ethion, deltamethrin and diazinon) on the enzymatic activity of rGSTs. |
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| 16493407 | Paeporn P, Supaphathom K, Srisawat R, Komalamisra N, Deesin V, Ya-umphan P, Leeming Sawat S: Biochemical detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanism in Aedes aegypti in Ratchaburi province, Thailand. Trop Biomed. 2004 Dec;21(2):145-51. Adults of Aedes aegypti from two localtities in Ratchaburi province were subjected to permethrin and deltamethrin selection in laboratory. |
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| 19548293 | Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brevault T: Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa. Pest Manag Sci. 2009 Oct;65(10):1147-54. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. |
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| 19058634 | Yoon KS, Kwon DH, Strycharz JP, Hollingsworth CS, Lee SH, Clark JM: Biochemical and molecular analysis of deltamethrin resistance in the common bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). J Med Entomol. 2008 Nov;45(6):1092-101. |
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| 12495187 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset J, Ruiz M, Soca A: Cross-resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides induced by selection with temephos in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. J Med Entomol. 2002 Nov;39(6):882-8. Little or no cross-resistance was observed to the organophosphates, malathion and fenitrothion, but high cross-resistance was observed for the pyrethroid deltamethrin (337.5x) and the organophosphate fenthion (12.74x). |
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| 16007969 | Yaicharoen R, Kiatfuengfoo R, Chareonviriyaphap T, Rongnoparut P: Characterization of deltamethrin resistance in field populations of Aedes aegypti in Thailand. J Vector Ecol. 2005 Jun;30(1):144-50. |
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| 19715699 | Deng H, Huang Y, Feng Q, Zheng S: Two epsilon glutathione S-transferase cDNAs from the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura: characterization and developmental and induced expression by insecticides. J Insect Physiol. 2009 Dec;55(12):1174-83. Epub 2009 Sep 2. Slgste2 expression was up-regulated by 1-naphthyl methylcarbamate (carbaryl), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT), deltamethrin, tebufenozide (RH5992) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), but not affected by malathion, while Slgste3 expression was slightly up-regulated by carbaryl, Bt and DDT, but not affected by RH5992, malathion and deltamethrin. |
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| 18240518 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, Fernandez D: Levels of insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in Aedes aegypti from some Latin American countries. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2007 Dec;23(4):420-9. Biochemical tests showed high frequencies of esterase and glutathione-S-transferase activity; however, the frequency of altered acetylcholinesterase mechanism was low. Eight Latin American strains of Aedes aegypti were evaluated for resistance to 6 organophosphates (temephos, malathion, fenthion, pirimiphos-methyl, fenitrothion, and chlorpirifos) and 4 pyrethroids (deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, betacypermethrin, and cyfluthrin) under laboratory conditions. |
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| 1363965 | Hakoi K, Cabral R, Hoshiya T, Hasegawa R, Shirai T, Ito N: Analysis of carcinogenic activity of some pesticides in a medium-term liver bioassay in the rat. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1992;12(6):269-76. Hepatocarcinogenic potential was assessed by comparing the number and area of glutathione S-transferase placental form positive foci in the liver with those of controls given diethylnitrosamine (DEN) alone. Permethrin (25/75), Deltamethrin, Cypermethrin (52/48), while Trimorphamide and Propineb gave negative results. |
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| 18392087 | Enayati AA, Motevalli Haghi F: Biochemistry of pyrethroid resistance in German cockroach (Dictyoptera, Blatellidae) from hospitals of Sari, Iran. Iran Biomed J. 2007 Oct;11(4):251-8. Biochemical assays of esterases, monooxigenases and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were undertaken on German cockroaches from Imam and Bouali Cina Hospitals and the results were compared to a susceptible laboratory strain. RESULTS: The LT50 values of the three strains were 20.24+/-2.2, 19.87+/-2.3 and 8.89+/-0.26 for permethrin; 19.3+/-3.05, 17.6+/-0.68 and 8.8+/-0.99 for deltamethrin; 19.64+/-2.9, 18.66+/-3.45 and 8.64+/-0.62 min for cypermethrin, respectively. |
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| 19817123 | Omer SA, Konate G, Traore O, Traore O, Menozzi P: Biochemical characterization of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera resistance to pyrethroids in Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 1;12(13):964-9. The mechanisms of the resistance of the bollworm to the pyrethroid deltamethrin were studied by comparing field strains to the reference and susceptible strain (BK77). Activities of two types of enzymes i.e., oxidases and Glutathione-S-Transferases (GST) were significantly higher in field strains, whereas esterase activities were lower compared to that of standard strain. |
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| 12622206 | Ganesh KN, Vijayan VA, Urmila J, Gopalan N, Prakash S: Role of esterases and monooxygenase in the deltamethrin resistance in Anopheles stephensi Giles (1908), at Mysore. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002 May;40(5):583-8. The reason for this kind of resistance was analyzed on the basis of differential activity of A-esterase, B-esterase, glutathione s-transferase (GST) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). |
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| 14651656 | Hargreaves K, Hunt RH, Brooke BD, Mthembu J, Weeto MM, Awolola TS, Coetzee M: Anopheles arabiensis and An. quadriannulatus resistance to DDT in South Africa. Med Vet Entomol. 2003 Dec;17(4):417-22. Biochemical analyses of samples from each of the families revealed comparatively high levels of glutathione-S-transferases and non-specific esterases in some families, but without significant correlation to bioassay results. Western-type houses there are currently sprayed with deltamethrin, whereas traditional houses are sprayed with DDT for malaria control. |
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| 17568372 | Pethuan S, Jirakanjanakit N, Saengtharatip S, Chareonviriyaphap T, Kaewpa D, Rongnoparut P: Biochemical studies of insecticide resistance in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand. Trop Biomed. 2007 Jun;24(1):7-15. Biochemical analysis was performed on field caught Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes to determine activities of enzymes including mixed function oxidases (MFO), nonspecific esterases (alpha- and beta-), glutathione-S-transferases (GST), and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The susceptibility to pyrethroids (deltamethrin, permethrin), organophosphate (fenitrothion) and (propoxur) insecticides were revealed in these samples. |
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| 16506569 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, De Armas Y, Ramos F: Pyrethroid insecticide-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by deltamethrin selection. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2005 Dec;21(4):437-45. Synergism tests implicated detoxifying esterase or glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase in pyrethroid resistance. |
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| 18755020 | Perera MD, Hemingway J, Karunaratne SP: Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka. Malar J. 2008 Aug 28;7:168. METHODS: Adult females were exposed to the WHO discriminating dosages of DDT, malathion, fenitrothion, propoxur, lambda-cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin and etofenprox. The presence of metabolic resistance by esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase-based mechanisms, and the sensitivity of the acetylcholinesterase target site were assessed using synergists, and biochemical, and metabolic techniques. |
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| 17665366 | Reyes M, Franck P, Charmillot PJ, Ioriatti C, Olivares J, Pasqualini E, Sauphanor B: Diversity of insecticide resistance mechanisms and spectrum in European populations of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella. Pest Manag Sci. 2007 Sep;63(9):890-902. None of the observed mechanisms explained the loss of susceptibility of populations to chlorpyrifos-ethyl, and no significant correlation was detected between resistance to deltamethrin and the presence of the kdr mutation. Resistances to azinphos-methyl, diflubenzuron, spinosad, tebufenozide and thiacloprid were significantly correlated with mixed-function oxidase activity, while increased glutathione-S-transferase and reduced non-specific esterase activities were correlated with resistance to azinphos-methyl and emamectin, respectively. |
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| 19649249 | Hooven LA, Sherman KA, Butcher S, Giebultowicz JM: Does the clock make the poison? Circadian variation in response to pesticides. PLoS One. 2009 Jul 31;4(7):e6469. To determine whether reported XM gene expression rhythms result in functional rhythms, we examined daily profiles of enzyme activity and dose responses to the pesticides propoxur, deltamethrin, fipronil, and malathion. Male Drosophila were collected for ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), esterase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and, and 5'-diphosphoglucosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme activity assays, or subjected to dose-response tests at four hour intervals throughout the day in both light/dark and constant light conditions. |
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| 16499895 | Rehman H, Ali M, Atif F, Kaur M, Bhatia K, Raisuddin S: The modulatory effect of deltamethrin on antioxidants in mice. Clin Chim Acta. 2006 Jul 15;369(1):61-5. Epub 2006 Feb 24. Along with the induction of LPO, activities of vital antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) were also suppressed in both the tissues. |
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