Protein Information

Name NMDA receptors (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Glutamate [NMDA] receptor; Glutamate [NMDA] receptors; N methyl D aspartate receptor; N methyl D aspartate receptors; NMDA receptor; NMDA receptors

Compound Information

Name sodium cyanide
CAS sodium cyanide (Na(CN))

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9480943 Ohtake PJ, Torres JE, Gozal YM, Graff GR, Gozal D: NMDA receptors mediate peripheral chemoreceptor afferent input in the conscious rat. J Appl Physiol. 1998 Mar;84(3):853-61.

Minute ventilation (VE) responses to 10% O2, 5% CO2, and increasing intravenous doses of sodium cyanide were measured in intact rats before and after intravenous administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (3 mg/kg).
34(0,1,1,4) Details
12604585 Turesson J, Sundin L: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate chemoreflexes in the shorthorn sculpin Myoxocephalus scorpius. J Exp Biol. 2003 Apr;206(Pt 7):1251-9.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
14604845 Orer HS, Gebber GL, Phillips SW, Barman SM: Role of the medullary lateral tegmental field in reflex-mediated sympathoexcitation in cats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004 Mar;286(3):R451-64. Epub 2003 Nov 6.


We tested the hypothesis that blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors on medullary lateral tegmental field (LTF) neurons would reduce the sympathoexcitatory responses elicited by electrical stimulation of vagal, trigeminal, and sciatic afferents, posterior hypothalamus, and midbrain periaqueductal gray as well as by activation of arterial chemoreceptors with intravenous NaCN.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
1352919 Patel MN, Yim GK, Isom GE: Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevents cyanide-induced neuronal injury in primary hippocampal cultures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Jul;115(1):124-9.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
12695985 Shin DS, Buck LT: Effect of anoxia and pharmacological anoxia on whole-cell NMDA receptor currents in cortical neurons from the western painted turtle. Physiol Biochem Zool. 2003 Jan-Feb;76(1):41-51.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
7730989 Sun MK, Reis DJ: NMDA receptor-mediated sympathetic chemoreflex excitation of RVL-spinal vasomotor neurones in rats. J Physiol. 1995 Jan 1;482 ( Pt 1):53-68.

Unilateral close arterial injection of sodium cyanide (100 nmol) into the carotid sinus region or ventilation with 100% N2 for 12 s rapidly, reversibly and reproducibly excited the RVL-spinal vasomotor neurones, followed about 1-2 s later by increases in sympathetic nerve activity and arterial pressure, effects abolished by denervation of the ipsilateral carotid sinus nerve. 3.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8103209 Patel MN, Yim GK, Isom GE: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate cyanide-induced cytotoxicity in hippocampal cultures. Neurotoxicology. 1993 Spring;14(1):35-40.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
9453577 Pocock JM, Nicholls DG: Exocytotic and nonexocytotic modes of glutamate release from cultured cerebellar granule cells during chemical ischaemia. J Neurochem. 1998 Feb;70(2):806-13.

The mechanism of glutamate release from cultured cerebellar granule neurones in response to a chemical model of ischaemia (10 mM 2-deoxyglucose plus 1 mM sodium cyanide) was investigated.
Release of D-[3H] aspartate was partially inhibited by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801, which also delayed the increase in free Ca2+ concentration.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1678427 Dubinsky JM, Rothman SM: Intracellular calcium concentrations during "chemical hypoxia" and excitotoxic neuronal injury. J Neurosci. 1991 Aug;11(8):2545-51.

Because hypoxic/ischemic neurodegeneration appears to be in part linked to glutamate neurotoxicity, we measured intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) levels in cultured hippocampal neurons during exposure to toxic doses of glutamate (GLU) and to an anoxic environment simulated by sodium cyanide (NaCN).
Noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists and enzymatic GLU degradation abolished the GLU-induced Ca2+i increases and attenuated those produced by NaCN.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7606340 May GR, Rowand WS, McCormack JG, Sheridan RD: Neuroprotective profile of lifarizine (RS-87476) in rat cerebrocortical neurones in culture. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;114(7):1365-70.

The results demonstrate that lifarizine potently protects rat cortical neurones in vitro against a neurotoxic insult that requires activation of sodium channels for its expression, and that the compound is ineffective against insults mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation.
Incubation of cultures for 16 h in a medium containing veratridine (10 (-4) M), sodium glutamate (10 (-3) M) or sodium cyanide (10 (-3) M) resulted in consistent elevations of LDH activity in the culture medium.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10673387 Masuhara K, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Tasaka K, Kanzaki T, Kimura A, Hayakawa J, Hisamoto K, Koike K, Murata Y: Involvement of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in gliosis induced during recovery from metabolic inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jan 27;267(3):892-6.


Pretreatment with EGTA to eliminate extracellular Ca (2+), or with APV, an NMDA receptor antagonist, to inhibit Ca (2+) influx through the NMDA receptor, attenuated the activation of ERK.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17157201 Sanelli T, Strong MJ: Loss of nitric oxide-mediated down-regulation of NMDA receptors in neurofilament aggregate-bearing motor neurons in vitro: implications for motor neuron disease. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007 Jan 1;42(1):143-51. Epub 2006 Oct 20.

To examine neurofilament (NF) aggregate-mediated sensitization of motor neurons to NMDA excitotoxicity, we examined NMDA receptor expression and the impact of NO donors (NOC12 or NOC5) or sodium cyanide (NaCN) on calcium influx and viability in dissociated motor neurons derived from wt and hNFL+/+ (NF aggregate-forming) mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8883902 Sun MK, Reis DJ: Ethanol inhibits chemoreflex excitation of reticulospinal vasomotor neurons. Brain Res. 1996 Aug 19;730(1-2):182-92.

In anesthetized and ventilated rats, activation of carotid chemoreceptors with intracarotid administration of 100 nmol sodium cyanide rapidly excited the spinal cord-projecting vasomotor neurons in the rostroventrolateral reticular nucleus (RVL) of the medulla oblongata and sympathetic nerves and increased arterial pressure.
The results indicate that acute ethanol intoxication markedly influences NMDA receptor activation and arterial chemoreflexes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8666041 Sun MK, Reis DJ: Urethane directly inhibits chemoreflex excitation of medullary vasomotor neurons in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Oct 6;293(3):237-43.

In anesthetized rats, stimulation of the arterial chemoreceptors excites reticulospinal vasomotor neurons of the nucleus rostroventrolateral reticularis of the medulla oblongata, via activating the neuronal NMDA receptors.
Additional doses (0.12-0.24 g/kg i.v.) of urethane dose-dependently reduced the elevations in the discharge rate of reticulospinal vasomotor and sympathetic neurons and of arterial pressure, elicited by stimulating the carotid chemoreceptors with intra-carotid injections of sodium cyanide (100 nmol/10 microl), without affecting discharges of the carotid chemoafferents.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9369312 Ferreira IL, Duarte CB, Carvalho AP: 'Chemical ischemia' in cultured retina cells: the role of excitatory amino acid receptors and of energy levels on cell death. Brain Res. 1997 Sep 12;768(1-2):157-66.


Cultured chick retina cells were submitted to 'chemical ischemia' by metabolic inhibition with sodium cyanide and iodoacetic acid, which block oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, respectively.
0(0,0,0,0) Details