Protein Information

Name ERK1
Synonyms ERK 1; ERK1; ERT 2; ERT2; Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1; Extracellular signal related kinase 1b; Extracellular signal related kinase 1c; HS44KDAP…

Compound Information

Name SMA
CAS sodium 2-chloroacetate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17596522 Zhang A, Jia Z, Guo X, Yang T: Aldosterone induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition via ROS of mitochondrial origin. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):F723-31. Epub 2007 Jun 27.


Aldo induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 that was completely blocked by rotenone.
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19073841 Mookerjee I, Hewitson TD, Halls ML, Summers RJ, Mathai ML, Bathgate RA, Tregear GW, Samuel CS: Relaxin inhibits renal myofibroblast differentiation via RXFP1, the nitric oxide pathway, and Smad2. FASEB J. 2009 Apr;23(4):1219-29. Epub 2008 Dec 10.


H2 relaxin also induced a transient rise in cAMP in the presence of G (i/o) inhibition, and a sustained increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 phosphorylation.
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17615152 Cheng J, Zhang C, Shapiro DJ: A functional serine 118 phosphorylation site in estrogen receptor-alpha is required for down-regulation of gene expression by 17beta-estradiol and 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Endocrinology. 2007 Oct;148(10):4634-41. Epub 2007 Jul 5.

To evaluate the contribution of ERK1/2 phosphorylation of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha to activation and repression of endogenous genes, we produced stably transfected lines of HeLa cells with functional ERK1/2 pathways that express similar levels of wild-type human ERalpha and ERalpha mutated to inactivate the well-known MAPK site at serine 118 (ERalphaS118A).
In contrast, for Sma and mothers against decapentaplegic-3-related, which is down-regulated by E (2) and not OHT, the S118A mutation had little effect.
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19614927 Ishiguro S, Akasaka Y, Kiguchi H, Suzuki T, Imaizumi R, Ishikawa Y, Ito K, Ishii T: Basic fibroblast growth factor induces down-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin and reduction of myofibroblast areas in open skin wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 2009 Jul-Aug;17(4):617-25.


Along with the inhibition of alpha-SMA expression by bFGF, the RMF and RMFL cells also showed different activated expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, suggesting the involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation in the down-regulation of alpha-SMA expression in myofibroblasts.
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19175832 Lin YL, Wu CF, Huang YT: Effects of rhubarb on migration of rat hepatic stellate cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Mar;24(3):453-61. Epub 2008 Oct 23.


Phosphorylations of Smad2/3 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), were analyzed with Western blotting.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19650157 Osterreicher CH, Taura K, De Minicis S, Seki E, Penz-Osterreicher M, Kodama Y, Kluwe J, Schuster M, Oudit GY, Penninger JM, Brenner DA: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 inhibits liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatology. 2009 Sep;50(3):929-38.


HSCs express the Ang (1-7) receptor Mas and Ang (1-7) inhibited Ang II-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 in cultured HSCs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19011011 Yadav UC, Ighani-Hosseinabad F, van Kuijk FJ, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV: Prevention of posterior capsular opacification through aldose reductase inhibition. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Feb;50(2):752-9. Epub 2008 Nov 14.


Inhibition of AR also prevented the BFGF-induced activation of ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-kappaB in HLECs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17884089 Wakisaka O, Takahashi N, Shinohara T, Ooie T, Nakagawa M, Yonemochi H, Hara M, Shimada T, Saikawa T, Yoshimatsu H: Hyperthermia treatment prevents angiotensin II-mediated atrial fibrosis and fibrillation via induction of heat-shock protein 72. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2007 Nov;43(5):616-26. Epub 2007 Aug 16.


HT induced the expression of HSP72, which was associated with the attenuation of AII-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/ERK2) phosphorylation, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression, transforming growth factor-beta (1) secretion, collagen synthesis, and expression of collagen type I and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19819988 Chang SF, Chang TK, Peng HH, Yeh YT, Lee DY, Yeh CR, Zhou J, Cheng CK, Chang CA, Chiu JJ: BMP-4 induction of arrest and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells via p21 CIP1 and p27 KIP1 regulation. Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Nov;23(11):1827-38. Epub 2009 Oct 9.


Using specific small interfering RNA (siRNA), we found that BMP-4-induced G (0)/G (1) arrest, and p21 (CIP1) and p27 (KIP1) expressions were mediated by BMP receptor type IA (BMPRIA)-specific Sma- and Mad-related protein (Smad) 1/5.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
18064666 Okada Y, Tsuzuki Y, Hokari R, Miyazaki J, Matsuzaki K, Mataki N, Komoto S, Watanabe C, Kawaguchi A, Nagao S, Itoh K, Miura S: Pressure loading and ethanol exposure differentially modulate rat hepatic stellate cell activation. J Cell Physiol. 2008 May;215(2):472-80.


Pressure loading alone induced up-regulation of alpha-SMA via the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, prolonged extension of marginal length, and increased production of collagen IV.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18346908 Caraci F, Gili E, Calafiore M, Failla M, La Rosa C, Crimi N, Sortino MA, Nicoletti F, Copani A, Vancheri C: TGF-beta1 targets the GSK-3beta/beta-catenin pathway via ERK activation in the transition of human lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Pharmacol Res. 2008 Apr;57(4):274-82. Epub 2008 Feb 9.


This study demonstrates that TGF-beta1 induces alpha-SMA expression and collagen production in human lung fibroblasts via ERK1/2 activation, GSK-3beta inhibition and nuclear beta-catenin translocation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20205597 Lin Q, Fang LP, Zhou WW, Liu XM: Rosiglitazone inhibits migration, proliferation, and phenotypic differentiation in cultured human lung fibroblasts. Exp Lung Res. 2010 Mar;36(2):120-8.


In addition, RSG incubation reduced the ratio of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) to ERK1/2 expression stimulated by FBS, PDGF-BB, and TGF-beta1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19723340 Weng TC, Shen CC, Chiu YT, Lin YL, Kuo CD, Huang YT: Inhibitory effects of armepavine against hepatic fibrosis in rats. J Biomed Sci. 2009 Sep 2;16:78.


Arm also suppressed TNF-alpha-induced collagen collagen deposition, NFkappaB activation and MAPK (p38, ERK1/2, and JNK) phosphorylations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18061165 Pacheco-Dominguez RL, Palma-Nicolas JP, Lopez E, Lopez-Colome AM: The activation of MEK-ERK1/2 by glutamate receptor-stimulation is involved in the regulation of RPE proliferation and morphologic transformation. Exp Eye Res. 2008 Feb;86(2):207-19. Epub 2007 Oct 30.

Activation of metabotropic, AMPA and NMDA receptors by glutamate induced the time-and dose-dependent phosphorylation of ERK1/2, assessed by Western blot analysis, in parallel to a significant increase in cell proliferation and a decrease in alpha-sma expression and its recruitment into stress fibers.
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19154323 Xu G, Liu A, Liu X: Aldosterone induces collagen synthesis via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 in renal proximal tubules. Nephrology. 2008 Dec;13(8):694-701.

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19926889 Bondi CD, Manickam N, Lee DY, Block K, Gorin Y, Abboud HE, Barnes JL: NAD (P) H oxidase mediates TGF-beta1-induced activation of kidney myofibroblasts. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Jan;21(1):93-102. Epub 2009 Nov 19.


In addition, TGF-beta1 stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and this was inhibited by blocking TGF-beta1 receptor 1, Smad3, or the Nox oxidases; ERK1/2 activation increased alpha-SMA and Fn-ED-A.
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19101622 Xie XS, Yang M, Liu HC, Zuo C, Li HJ, Fan JM: Ginsenoside Rg1, a major active component isolated from Panax notoginseng, restrains tubular epithelial to myofibroblast transition in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Feb 25;122(1):35-41. Epub 2008 Dec 3.


In addition, western blot analysis indicated that ginsenoside Rg1 inhibited the expression of P-ERK1/2 in NRK-52E induced by TGF-beta1.
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19576044 Huang HQ, Zhang P, Jiang Z, Chen HZ: [Overexpression of endothelin-1 induces hypertrophy of rat pulmonary arterial microvascular smooth muscle cells via Akt/mTOR pathway]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2009 Apr;32(4):287-91.


Western blotting was used to examine the levels of phosphorylations of protein kinase B/Akt, mTOR, and ERK1/2.
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