Protein Information

Name glutamyl transpeptidase
Synonyms CD224; CD224 antigen; D22S672; D22S732; GGT; GGT 1; GGT1; GGT1 protein…

Compound Information

Name lindane
CAS (1α,2α,3β,4α,5α,6β)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17105716 Etim OE, Farombi EO, Usoh IF, Akpan EJ: The protective effect of aloe vera juice on lindane induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2006 Oct;19(4):337-40.

Serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers: glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined after oral administration of aloe vera leaves extract and lindane.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
7532877 Luebeck EG, Grasl-Kraupp B, Timmermann-Trosiener I, Bursch W, Schulte-Hermann R, Moolgavkar SH: Growth kinetics of enzyme-altered liver foci in rats treated with phenobarbital or alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;130(2):304-15.


A quantitative method based upon a stochastic model for the appearance of initiated cells and their clonal growth was used to estimate cell birth and death rates in enzyme-altered liver foci (EAF). gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT)-positive foci were initiated in livers of female SPF Wistar rats by a single application of N-nitrosomorpholine.
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18940228 Anilakumar KR, Saritha V, Khanum F, Bawa AS: Ameliorative effect of ajwain extract on hexachlorocyclohexane-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Feb;47(2):279-82. Epub 2008 Oct 4.


Prefeeding of ajwain extract at 1% level to rats injected with HCH reverted the significant changes in catalase, G-6-PDH, GST and -glutamyl transpeptidase.
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17761640 Trivedi NP, Rawal UM, Patel BP: Hepatoprotective effect of andrographolide against hexachlorocyclohexane-induced oxidative injury. Integr Cancer Ther. 2007 Sep;6(3):271-80.


Glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) are studied by spectrophotometric methods.
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1691053 Gerbracht U, Bursch W, Kraus P, Putz B, Reinacher M, Timmermann-Trosiener I, Schulte-Hermann R: Effects of hypolipidemic drugs nafenopin and clofibrate on phenotypic expression and cell death (apoptosis) in altered foci of rat liver. Carcinogenesis. 1990 Apr;11(4):617-24.


Foci were identified by a positive reaction for gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) and other cytological markers.
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8519523 Prasad AK, Pant N, Srivastava SC, Kumar R, Srivastava SP: Effect of dermal application of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on male reproductive system of rat. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1995 Jun;14(6):484-8.


The results indicate that exposure of HCH through the dermal route could lead to an alteration in the activities of marker testicular enzymes viz. sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and beta-glucuronidase (beta Gluc.) associated with specific cell types. 3.
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7691758 Nigam SK, Karnik AB, Chattopadhyay P, Lakkad BC, Venkaiah K, Kashyap SK: Clinical and biochemical investigations to evolve early diagnosis in workers involved in the manufacture of hexachlorocyclohexane. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1993;65(1 Suppl):S193-6.


A significant positive correlation to liver related enzymes gamma GT, LAP and Alp.
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9475050 Koner BC, Banerjee BD, Ray A: Modulation of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in lymphoid system by organochlorine pesticides in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 1997 Oct;35(10):1132-4.

Effects of 1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) and lindane were studied on gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity in different tissues of the lymphoid system in rats.
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7692623 Junqueira VB, Barros SB, Simizu K, Fernandez V, Carrion Y, Pimentel R, Azzalis LA, Videla LA: Turnover of hepatic glutathione after acute lindane intoxication. Toxicol Lett. 1993 Aug;69(2):211-6.

At these experimental times, the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferases and gamma-glutamyltransferase in the liver of lindane-treated rats and control animals were comparable.
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11349524 Trivedi NP, Rawal UM: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant property of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) in BHC induced liver damage in mice. Indian J Exp Biol. 2001 Jan;39(1):41-6.


Andrographis paniculata (AP) treatment prevents BHC induced increase in the activities of enzymes y-Glutamyl transpeptidase, glutathione-S-transferase and lipid peroxidation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10414779 Banerjee BD, Seth V, Bhattacharya A, Pasha ST, Chakraborty AK: Biochemical effects of some pesticides on lipid peroxidation and free-radical scavengers. Toxicol Lett. 1999 Jun 30;107(1-3):33-47.

Oxidative stress was studied in blood samples obtained from lindane, malathion and propoxur poisoning cases admitted to the Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi and evaluated for lipid peroxidation, oxygen free radical (OFR) scavenging enzymes, and glutathione (GSH) and related enzymes.
Acetylcholine esterase (AChE), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and GSH level were also assayed in lymphocytes.
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19679627 Trivedi NP, Rawal UM, Patel BP: Potency of andrographolide as an antitumor compound in BHC-induced liver damage. Integr Cancer Ther. 2009 Jun;8(2):177-89.


Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxalate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase showed a significant decrease in andrographolide-supplemented animals as compared with BHC-treated animals, suggesting regenerative effects elicited by andrographolide.
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11522282 Seth V, Banerjee BD, Bhattacharya A, Pasha ST, Chakravorty AK: Pesticide induced alterations in acetylcholine esterase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activities and glutathione level in lymphocytes of human poisoning cases. Clin Biochem. 2001 Jul;34(5):427-9.

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