Protein Information

Name muscles
Synonyms COX 7a M; COX VIIa M; COX7A; COX7A1; COX7A1 protein; COX7AH; COX7AM; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a H…

Compound Information

Name sodium cyanide
CAS sodium cyanide (Na(CN))

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
666034 Grayling GW, Miller ED Jr, Peach MJ: Sodium cyanide antagonism of the vasodilator action of sodium nitroprusside in theisolated rabbit aortic strip. Anesthesiology. 1978 Jul;49(1):21-5.

In a further group of aortic muscle strips first contracted with NE and then relaxed with SNP, the addition of CN- caused the muscles to contract again.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3992041 Orchard CH, Allen DG, Morris PG: The role of intracellular [Ca2+] and [H+] in contractile failure of the hypoxic heart. Adv Myocardiol. 1985;6:417-27.


In the first series of experiments, the photoprotein aequorin was used to monitor intracellular free [Ca2+] [( Ca2+] i) in papillary muscles during inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, using either cyanide or hypoxia.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12963789 Katz A, Andersson DC, Yu J, Norman B, Sandstrom ME, Wieringa B, Westerblad H: Contraction-mediated glycogenolysis in mouse skeletal muscle lacking creatine kinase: the role of phosphorylase b activation. J Physiol. 2003 Dec 1;553(Pt 2):523-31. Epub 2003 Sep 8.

Muscles were stimulated to produce repeated tetani for 20 s in the presence of sodium cyanide to block mitochondrial respiration.
34(0,1,1,4) Details
6652145 Safonov VA: [Mechanism of the generation of various forms of respiratory rhythm] . Nauchnye Doki Vyss Shkoly Biol Nauki. 1983;(10):43-50.

The respiratory muscles and neurons activity in the transitional process from rhythmic respiration to its cessation and reappearance of the usual rhythmic breathing after the apnea was registered in the acute experiments on the anesthetized cats and rabbits under the action of extra intrapulmonary oxygen pressure or intravenous injection of sodium cyanide.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
10547623 Adler M, Lebeda FJ, Kauffman FC, Deshpande SS: Mechanism of action of sodium cyanide on rat diaphragm muscle. . J Appl Toxicol. 1999 Nov-Dec;19(6):411-9.

The effects of sodium cyanide (NaCN) were investigated on the contractile and electrophysiological properties of rat diaphragm muscles in vitro.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
16455685 Zhang SJ, Bruton JD, Katz A, Westerblad H: Limited oxygen diffusion accelerates fatigue development in mouse skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 2006 Apr 15;572(Pt 2):551-9. Epub 2006 Feb 2.


Isolated whole soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were fatigued by repeated tetanic stimulation while measuring force production.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
10421030 O'Halloran KD, Herman JK, Bisgard GE: Respiratory-related pharyngeal constrictor muscle activity in awake goats. Respir Physiol. 1999 Jun 1;116(1):9-23.

Respiratory-related electromyogram (EMG) activities of the middle (MPC) and inferior (IPC) pharyngeal constrictor (PC) muscles were determined simultaneously with up to six additional upper airway abductor and adductor muscles in awake adult goats.
During spontaneous augmented breaths and peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation with sodium cyanide, the pattern of activation of the MPC was similar to that of the thyroarytenoid muscle (TA), a laryngeal adductor whereas IPC activity was strikingly similar to activity of the laryngeal and pharyngeal dilators.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
2637351 Kurimoto T: [Role of the soft palate in respiration: an electromyographic study in the dog]. Osaka Daigaku Shigaku Zasshi. 1989 Jun;34(1):240-54.

The present study investigates the nature of tensor veli palatini muscle (TVP) and levator veli palatini muscle (LVP) as accessory respiratory muscles.
Furthermore, the effect of sodium cyanide (NaCN) perfused through the carotid sinus was examined.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
8458772 Haxhiu MA, Erokwu B, van Lunteren E, Cherniack NS, Strohl KP: Central and spinal effects of sodium cyanide on respiratory activity. J Appl Physiol. 1993 Feb;74(2):574-9.

In the studies reported here, we have examined the acute central effects of cyanide when applied topically to the ventral surface of the medulla (VMS) and when administered into the spinal intrathecal space at the C5-T3 level on activities of the phrenic nerve, diaphragm, parasternal intercostal, triangularis sterni, and transversus abdominis muscles.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
6887018 Allen DG, Orchard CH: Intracellular calcium concentration during hypoxia and metabolic inhibition in mammalian ventricular muscle. J Physiol. 1983 Jun;339:107-22.


Papillary muscles from rats, cats and ferrets were microinjected with aequorin, a photoprotein which emits light as a function of Ca2+ concentration.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
6861450 Jones DA, Jackson MJ, Edwards RH: Release of intracellular enzymes from an isolated mammalian skeletal muscle preparation. Clin Sci. 1983 Aug;65(2):193-201.


In both fast and slow muscles contractile activity caused a release of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase that reached a peak 1-2 h after the end of stimulation.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
1606668 Lee JA, Allen DG: Changes in intracellular free calcium concentration during long exposures to simulated ischemia in isolated mammalian ventricular muscle. Circ Res. 1992 Jul;71(1):58-69.


Intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+] i) was measured in isolated ferret ventricular papillary muscles during and after long exposures to ischemia.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
8935079 Yasui Y, Kogo M, Iida S, Hamaguchi M, Koizumi H, Kohara H, Matsuya T: Respiratory activities in relation to external glossal muscles. . J Osaka Univ Dent Sch. 1993 Dec;33:27-33.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
10391140 Hayashi H, Terada H, McDonald TF: The relation between the action potential duration, the increase in resting tension, and ATP content during metabolic inhibition in guinea pig ventricular muscles. Mol Cell Biochem. 1999 Apr;194(1-2):193-7.

Oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited by either hypoxic perfusion, the perfusion of sodium cyanide, or 2,4-dinitrophenol.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9227423 Gramolini A, Renaud JM: Blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channel during metabolic inhibition impairs muscle contractility. Am J Physiol. 1997 Jun;272(6 Pt 1):C1936-46.


Sartorius muscles of the frog Rana pipiens were subjected to a 60-min metabolic inhibition by exposing them to cyanide (2 mM) and iodoacetate (1 mM).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7065204 Nakanishi T, Nishioka K, Jarmakani JM: Mechanism of tissue Ca2+ gain during reoxygenation after hypoxia in rabbit myocardium. Am J Physiol. 1982 Mar;242(3):H437-49.

Addition of an inhibitor or an uncoupler of mitochondrial respiration [sodium cyanide (5 X 10 (-3) M) or dinitrophenol (5 X 10 (-4) M), respectively] in the perfusate caused significant decreases in reoxygenation-induced tissue Ca2+ gain.
In muscles maintained at 27 degrees C, reoxygenation after 40 min of hypoxia caused significant increases in both 47Ca2+ and 85Sr2+ uptakes.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6329499 Wahler GM, Sperelakis N: Similar metabolic dependence of stimulated and unstimulated myocardial slow channels. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1984 May;62(5):569-74.


In guinea pig papillary muscles paced at 0.5 Hz, 1 mM NaCN abolished both unstimulated (TEA-elicited) and stimulated (isoproterenol-elicited) slow APs with similar time courses: the mean abolition times being 9.5 +/- 1.5 min for the unstimulated and 8.5 +/- 2.0 min for the stimulated slow APs.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3656122 Ellis D, Noireaud J: Intracellular pH in sheep Purkinje fibres and ferret papillary muscles during hypoxia and recovery. J Physiol. 1987 Feb;383:125-41.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
3410283 Aomine M: Acute effects of amiodarone on action potentials of isolated guinea-pig ventricular muscle exposed to simulated ischemic solution and metabolic inhibitors. Gen Pharmacol. 1988;19(4):609-13.


Acute effects of an antiarrhythmic agent, amiodarone (AM), on action potentials from isolated guinea-pig ventricular papillary muscles exposed to simulated ischemic solution and Tyrode's solution containing NaCN or dinitrophenol (DNP) were examined. 2.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1206575 Berg DK, Hall ZW: Loss of alpha-bungarotoxin from junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in rat diaphragm muscle in vivo and in organ culture. J Physiol. 1975 Nov;252(3):771-89.

Loss was almost completely blocked by sodium cyanide and dinitrophenol and was inhibited by puromycin and cycloheximide.
The stability in vivo of the toxin-receptor complex formed by receptors in normal muscles and receptors in extrajunctional regions of denervated muscles was compared.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
10430479 Paton JF, Li YW, Kasparov S: Reflex response and convergence of pharyngoesophageal and peripheral chemoreceptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract. Neuroscience. 1999;93(1):143-54.

In an arterially perfused working heart-brainstem preparation of mature rat, pharyngoesophageal receptors were stimulated by distension of the pharyngeal-oesophageal junction, whereas chemoreceptors were activated by sodium cyanide solution.
In peripheral studies spontaneous irregular electromyographic discharges (cycle length 99+/-26 s) occurred sequentially in genioglossus and mylohyoideus muscles (during the inter-phrenic nerve activity interval) and subsequently the oesophagus; these were accompanied by post-inspiratory discharges in both hypoglossal and laryngeal motor nerves and an atropine-sensitive bradycardia (-39+/-5 beats/min).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3961295 Strohl KP, Gottfried SB, Van de Graaff W, Wood RE, Fouke JM: Effects of sodium cyanide and nicotine on upper airway resistance in anesthetized dogs. Respir Physiol. 1986 Feb;63(2):161-75.

In anesthetized dogs, respiratory stimulants will decrease upper airway resistance by increasing activation of upper airway muscles which may enlarge the airway, change the route of flow, and thus overcoming collapsing forces produced by increased chest wall muscle activation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3800983 Sahlin K, Katz A: The content of NADH in rat skeletal muscle at rest and after cyanide poisoning. Biochem J. 1986 Oct 1;239(1):245-8.


The NADH content of freeze-clamped control muscles was 0.35 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- S.D.) and 0.31 +/- 0.04 mmol/kg dry wt. in EDL and soleus respectively, and increased to peak values of 0.58 +/- 0.05 (EDL) and 0.87 +/- 0.10 (soleus) after 10 min of NaCN treatment.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3991596 Kruszyna H, Kruszyna R, Smith RP: Cyanide and sulfide interact with nitrogenous compounds to influence the relaxation of various smooth muscles. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1985 May;179(1):44-9.

In each of these cases the relaxation produced by nitroprusside was at least partially reversed by the subsequent addition of excess sodium cyanide.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2270359 Smith CA, Ainsworth DM, Henderson KS, Dempsey JA: The influence of carotid body chemoreceptors on expiratory muscle activity. Respir Physiol. 1990 Oct;82(1):123-36.


In all dogs carotid body excitation augmented the EMG activities of both expiratory muscles (triangularis sterni, TS; transversus abdominis, TA) and the (inspiratory) crural diaphragm (CR); carotid body inhibition significantly reduced phasic EMG activities in all muscles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2708200 Fregosi RF, Bartlett D Jr: Internal intercostal nerve discharges in the cat: influence of chemical stimuli. J Appl Physiol. 1989 Feb;66(2):687-94.


Filaments of rostral iic nerves that terminated in iic muscles generally discharged during expiration, suggesting that inspiratory activity recorded in whole iic nerves may have innervated other structures, possibly parasternal muscles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2884664 Fry CH, Harding DP, Mounsey JP: The effects of cyanide on intracellular ionic exchange in ferret and rat ventricular myocardium. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1987 Feb 23;230(1258):53-75.


NaCN (2.5 mM) caused a transient reduction of [H+] i, [Na+] i and [Ca2+] i when applied to the superfusate bathing ventricular trabeculae or papillary muscles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7083060 Mainwood GW, Alward M, Eiselt B: The effects of metabolic inhibitors on the contraction of creatine-depleted muscle. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1982 Feb;60(2):114-9.


Rats were fed on a diet containing 1% beta-guanidinopropionate (Gp) to deplete their muscles of creatine.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6437835 Jackson MJ, Jones DA, Edwards RH: Experimental skeletal muscle damage: the nature of the calcium-activated degenerative processes. Eur J Clin Invest. 1984 Oct;14(5):369-74.

Inhibition of mitochondrial activity with dinitrophenol or sodium cyanide was found to cause a large efflux of enzyme.
Certain inhibitors of phospholipase-A activity (i.e. dibucaine, chlorpromazine and mepacrine) have been found to significantly reduce the enzyme efflux following treatment of the muscles with dinitrophenol, although other phospholipase inhibitors were without effect.
1(0,0,0,1) Details