Protein Information

Name cytochrome P450 (protein family or complex)
Synonyms cytochrome P450; cytochrome P 450; CYP450; CYP 450

Compound Information

Name aldrin
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
3663750 Grishanova AIu, Obraztsov VV, Shekhtman DG, Liakhovich VV: [Phenobarbital-type induction of cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes by perfluorodecalin]. Biokhimiia. 1987 Jul;52(7):1138-43.

It was shown that perfluorodecalin injection as well as the phenobarbital one cause an increase in the cytochrome P-450 content, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity, the rates of benzphetamine N-demethylation and aldrin epoxidation in the microsomes.
86(1,1,1,6) Details
4063404 Guliaeva LF, Mishin VM, Liakhovich VV: [Induction of cytochrome P-450 forms in liver microsomes of rats in the early neonatal period after administration of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene]. Biokhimiia. 1985 Nov;50(11):1817-24.

The participation of phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 in the metabolism of benzphetamine and aldrin in neonatal rats is much lower than in the adult ones.
86(1,1,1,6) Details
288361 Malvoisin E, Roberfroid M, Mercier M: Microsomal vinyl oxide synthetase: modification of its kinetic parameters by chemical carcinogens. Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1979;(2):465-9.

The results were correlated with those obtained using aldrin oxide synthetase and benzpyrene hydroxylase as typical cytochrome P-450 dependent enzymatic activity.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
3190755 Leslie C, Reidy GF, Stacey NH: The effects of propiconazole on hepatic xenobiotic biotransformation in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Nov 1;37(21):4177-81.

Induction was seen for cytochrome P-450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, aldrin epoxidase, aminopyrine N-demethylase and microsomal expoxide hydrolase activities.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
11976062 Valles SM, Woodson WD: Insecticide susceptibility and detoxication enzyme activities among Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki workers sampled from different locations in New Orleans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2002 Apr;131(4):469-76.

As with the bioassay data, although significant differences were noted, a great deal of overlap was observed among the colonies for total cytochrome P450 content (difference of 2.2-fold between high and low value) aldrin epoxidation (3.6-fold) and cytosolic esterase (3.9-fold) activity.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
2919406 Kastner M, Schulz-Schalge T, Neubert D: Purification and properties of cytochrome P-450 from liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus). Toxicol Lett. 1989 Feb;45(2-3):261-70.

By contrast, aldrin epoxidation as catalyzed by this cytochrome is about three times as high as that obtained from the rat.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3818484 Wisniewski JA, Moody DE, Hammock BD, Shull LR: Interlobular distribution of hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities in cattle, goats and sheep. J Anim Sci. 1987 Jan;64(1):210-5.


Within individual species, concentrations of cytochrome P-450 and b5 and activities of NADPH cytochrome c reductase, aldrin epoxidase, aminopyrine N-demethylase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, microsomal and cytosolic stilbene oxide (epoxide) hydrolase and glutathione S-transferase were not different (P greater than .05) among the various hepatic lobes.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
9622849 McKillop D, Butters CJ, Hill SJ, Simons PJ, Edwards TL, Doughty SE: Enzyme-inducing effects of bicalutamide in mouse, rat and dog. Xenobiotica. 1998 May;28(5):465-78.


Bicalutamide, a non-steroidal antiandrogen, produced dose-related increases in total cytochrome P450 (P450) and aldrin epoxidase, but had no effect on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, when administered for 10 weeks at 0, 25, 75 and 150 mg/kg/day to the male dog. 2.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
2322314 Fischer V, Wiebel FJ: Metabolism of fluperlapine by cytochrome P450-dependent and flavin-dependent monooxygenases in continuous cultures of rat and human cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Apr 15;39(8):1327-33.

Guanethidine and cysteamine, inhibitors of flavin-dependent monooxygenase activity, reduced fluperlapine N-oxidation more strongly than aldrin epoxidation, a marker for cytochrome P450 activity.
84(1,1,1,4) Details
3604796 Wynne H, Mutch E, James OF, Rawlins MD, Woodhouse KW: The effect of age on mono-oxygenase enzyme kinetics in rat liver microsomes. Age Ageing. 1987 May;16(3):153-8.

Using liver microsomes from 12 young adult and 12 elderly male Norwegian Brown rats we defined the kinetics of ethoxyresorufin-O-de-ethylation and aldrin epoxidation, specific substrates for the 3-methylcholanthrene inducible and phenobarbitone inducible forms of cytochrome P450, respectively.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
6814016 Fisher CW, Mayer RT: Characterization of house fly microsomal mixed function oxidases: inhibition by juvenile hormone i and piperonyl butoxide. Toxicology. 1982;24(1):15-31.

The microsomal mixed function oxidase system of the house fly (Musca domestica [L.]) was characterized with respect to N-demethylation of p-chloromethylaniline, O-demethylation of methoxyresorufin, epoxidation of aldrin and the formation of a metabolite-cytochrome P-450 complex during oxidation of piperonyl butoxide (PB).
82(1,1,1,2) Details
6618147 Campbell MA, Gyorkos J, Leece B, Homonko K, Safe S: The effects of twenty-two organochlorine pesticides as inducers of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. Gen Pharmacol. 1983;14(4):445-54.

With the exception of HCB, all of the pesticides induced microsomal dimethylaminoantipyrine, N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities and the cytochrome P-450 content of microsomes from animals pretreated with most of the compounds was also increased compared to control rats.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
6865899 Wolf CR, Hook JB, Lock EA: Differential destruction of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in rat and mouse kidney following hexachloro-1:3-butadiene administration. Mol Pharmacol. 1983 Jan;23(1):206-12.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
6732241 Dohn DR, Krieger RI: N-demethylation of p-chloro-N-methylaniline catalyzed by subcellular fractions from the avocado pear (Persea americana). Arch Biochem Biophys. 1984 Jun;231(2):416-23.

Cytochrome P-450 was detected in the 20, 000g pellet at levels of 300-380 pmol/mg protein.
This particulate preparation was also active in catalyzing the NADPH-dependent epoxidation of the chlorinated cyclodiene aldrin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8117673 Andersen JF, Utermohlen JG, Feyereisen R: Expression of house fly CYP6A1 and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Escherichia coli and reconstitution of an insecticide-metabolizing P450 system. Biochemistry. 1994 Mar 1;33(8):2171-7.

The house fly (Musca domestica) cytochrome P450 gene CYP6A1 was expressed in Escherichia coli.
The reconstituted system was effective in the epoxidation of the cyclodiene insecticides aldrin and heptachlor, with turnover rates of 12 and 34 min-1, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10985040 Valles SM, Oi FM, Wagner T, Brenner RJ: Toxicity and in vitro metabolism of t-permethrin in eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). J Econ Entomol. 2000 Aug;93(4):1259-64.


Despite these differences in t-permethrin susceptibility, microsomal oxidase activities toward surrogate substrate (aldrin epoxidase, and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase), cytochrome P450 content, and microsomal esterase activity toward alpha-naphthyl acetate did not differ significantly between the colonies.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
14658504 Wright RJ, Scharf ME, Meinke LJ, Zhou X, Siegfried BD, Chandler LD: Larval susceptibility of an insecticide-resistant western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) population to soil insecticides: laboratory bioassays, assays of detoxification enzymes, and field performance. J Econ Entomol. 2000 Feb;93(1):7-13.


Assays of cytochrome P450 activity (4-CNMA demethylation and aldrin epoxidation) did not identify elevated activity in resistant 3rd instars.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
3107167 Azais V, Arand M, Rauch P, Schramm H, Bellenand P, Narbonne JF, Oesch F, Pascal G, Robertson LW: A time-course investigation of vitamin A levels and drug metabolizing enzyme activities in rats following a single treatment with prototypic polychlorinated biphenyls and DDT. Toxicology. 1987 Jun;44(3):341-54.


Although 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl specifically induced certain drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, e.g. aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (toward 4-nitrophenol), no highly significant correlations were found among the vitamin A levels and drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in the liver (aminopyrine N-demethylase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, aldrin epoxidase, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase toward 4-nitrophenol, glutathione transferase toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and cytochrome P-450 content) as determined by multiple linear regression analysis.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
3002389 Denomme MA, Leece B, Li A, Towner R, Safe S: Elevation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) polychlorinated biphenyls. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Jan 15;35(2):277-82.


There was no correlation between increased levels of hepatic receptor protein and the induction of the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases, aldrin epoxidase or 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine N-demethylase.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
10958478 Kotze AC: Oxidase activities in macrocyclic-resistant and -susceptible Haemonchus contortus. J Parasitol. 2000 Aug;86(4):873-6.

The role of oxidative metabolism in resistance to macrocyclic lactones in Haemonchus contortus was examined by measuring activities toward 2 model cytochrome P450 substrates, aldrin and ethoxycoumarin, in a susceptible and a resistant isolate of the parasite.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
2866028 Lebsanft J, Luippold G, Schwarz LR: Activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in isolated gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase positive preneoplastic hepatocytes from carcinogen treated rats. Cancer Lett. 1985 Oct;29(1):29-36.

Cytochrome P-450 dependent metabolism of benzo [a] pyrene, aldrin and ethoxyresorufin was 43-54% lower than in the parent cell suspension, glucuronidation of 3-hydroxybenzo [a] pyrene (3-OH-BP) and hydrolysis of styrene oxide were increased 1.5- and 1.4-fold, respectively.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
2490781 Pantaleoni GC, Palumbo G, Fanini D, Giorgi R, Carlucci G, Sponta AM: A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the evaluation of aldrin epoxidation by cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase in small liver samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1989;7(6):783-8.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
10418972 de Sousa G, Nicolas F, Placidi M, Rahmani R, Benicourt M, Vannier B, Lorenzon G, Mertens K, Coecke S, Callaerts A, Rogiers V, Khan S, Roberts P, Skett P, Fautrel A, Chesne C, Guillouzo A: A multi-laboratory evaluation of cryopreserved monkey hepatocyte functions for use in pharmaco-toxicology. Chem Biol Interact. 1999 Jun 1;121(1):77-97.

After thawing, Phase I and Phase II activities (cytochrome P450, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, aldrin epoxidase, epoxide hydrolase, glutathione transferase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase) were well preserved.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
3748010 Guengerich FP, Muller-Enoch D, Blair IA: Oxidation of quinidine by human liver cytochrome P-450. . Mol Pharmacol. 1986 Sep;30(3):287-95.

The substrate specificity of human P-450NF is discussed further in terms of its regioselective oxidations of complex molecules including quinidine, aldrin, benzphetamine, cortisol, testosterone and androstenedione, estradiol, and several 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridines.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6692492 Cresteil T, Goujon-Letawe F, Le Provost E, Kremers P, Lesca P: Induction by 9-hydroxyellipticine of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in perinatal rat liver and in primary fetal hepatocytes in culture. Chem Biol Interact. 1984 Jan;48(1):103-13.


In neonatal and, to a lesser extent, in fetal rat liver, 9-hydroxyellipticine was able to promote the induction of cytochrome P-450, supporting especially aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) but not aldrin epoxidase activity.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
6329217 Tredger JM, Smith HM, Davis M, Williams R: Use of a direct high performance liquid chromatography method for multiple testosterone hydroxylations in studies of microsomal monooxygenase activities. Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 Jun 1;33(11):1729-36.

These changes reflected analogous dissimilar effects of the enzyme inducers on the metabolism of the exogenous cytochrome P-450 substrates aldrin, acetanilide, benzo [alpha] pyrene and ethylmorphine.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
6498831 McManus ME, Boobis AR, Minchin RF, Schwartz DM, Murray S, Davies DS, Thorgeirsson SS: Relationship between oxidative metabolism of 2-acetylaminofluorene, debrisoquine, bufuralol, and aldrin in human liver microsomes. Cancer Res. 1984 Dec;44(12 Pt 1):5692-7.

It is concluded, based on these multiple cross-correlations, that common cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes are involved in the formation of AAF metabolites, while the metabolism of debrisoquine, bufuralol, and aldrin is unrelated to the metabolism of this carcinogen in human liver microsomes.
39(0,1,2,4) Details
422931 Loveland PM, Nixon JE, Pawlowski NE, Eisele TA, Libbey LM, Sinnhuber RO: Aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxicol metabolism in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and the effects of dietary cyclopropene. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Jan-Feb;2(3):707-18.

CPFA-fed fish had lower microsomal protein and cytochrome P-450 levels and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and aldrin epoxidation activities than did controls.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
15091443 Johnston G, Dawson A, Walker CH: Effects of prochloraz and malathion on the red-legged partridge: a semi-natural field study. Environ Pollut. 1996;91(2):217-25.

Cytochrome P-450, aldrin epoxidase and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities were found to be significantly higher in the group exposed to prochloraz alone compared to controls, suggesting that induction of the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system had occurred by ingestion of prochloraz-treated wheat.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
2510947 Mishin VM, Obraztsov VV, Grishanova AYu, Gutkina NI, Shekhtman DG, Khatsenko OG, Lyakhovich VV: The phenobarbital-type induction of rat liver microsomal monooxygenases by perfluorodecalin. Chem Biol Interact. 1989;72(1-2):143-55.


It has been shown that PFD increases the content of cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
10398775 Blanchard M, Teil MJ, Carru AM, Ollivon D, Garban B, Chesterikoff A, Chevreuil M: PCB and PAH impacts on cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidases in roach (Rutilus rutilus) from the Seine River (France). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1999 Aug;37(2):242-50.

Two hepatic monooxygenase activities: EROD (ethoxyresorufine-O-deethylase) and AE (aldrin epoxydase) and muscle residues of PCBs and PAHs were investigated during three periods of the year (before spawning, during spawning, and postspawning).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4024670 Marcus CB, Murray M, Wilkinson CF: Spectral and inhibitory interactions of methylenedioxyphenyl and related compounds with purified isozymes of cytochrome P-450. Xenobiotica. 1985 Apr;15(4):351-62.

Thus, while DHS was an effective inhibitor of cytochrome P-450b-mediated ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECD), it failed to inhibit aldrin epoxidase (AE) in the same system; DCMB and BD inhibited both of these reactions.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6418395 Roberfroid MB, Malaveille C, Hautefeuille A, Brun G, Vo TK, Bartsch H: Interrelationships in mice of antipyrine half-life, hepatic monooxygenase activities and liver S9-mediated mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1, benzo [alpha] pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol, 2-acetylaminofluorene and N-nitrosomorpholine. Chem Biol Interact. 1983 Nov;47(2):175-94.

To evaluate the predictive value of serum antipyrine half-life AP (T1/2) as an index of hepatic carcinogen metabolism, groups of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice were treated with various inducers and inhibitors of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases (pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), phenobarbital (PB), 5,6-benzoflavone (5,6-BF), 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), disulfiram (DIS), 7,8-BF).
Within each group, mean serum AP-(T1/2) was compared with (i) the in vitro activity of hepatic microsomal benzo [alpha] pyrene (BP) 3-hydroxylase, 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF)-N-hydroxylase and aldrin monooxygenase, and (ii) the liver S9-mediated mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB), trans-7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo [alpha] pyrene (BP 7,8-diol), 2-acetylaminofluorene and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) in Salmonella typhimurium strains.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8471063 Borlakoglu JT, Scott A, Henderson CJ, Jenke HJ, Wolf CR: Transplacental transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls induces simultaneously the expression of P450 isoenzymes and the protooncogenes c-Ha-ras and c-raf. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Apr 6;45(7):1373-86.

Seven days later, significant increases in maternal and foetal cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5 and cytochrome c (P450) reductase were found.
Concomitantly, the metabolism of nitroanisole, aniline, ethoxyresorufin and benzo [a] pyrene was significantly increased, but foetal metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine was not detectable and only marginal increases in the metabolism of aminopyrine and aldrin were seen.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6829029 Goethals F, Krack G, Deboyser D, Roberfroid M: Effects of diethyl maleate on protein synthesis in isolated hepatocytes. . Toxicology. 1983 Jan;26(1):47-54.


It has, however, no effect on the cytochrome P-450 content or its dependent aldrin monooxygenase.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
6603386 Meier PJ, Mueller HK, Dick B, Meyer UA: Hepatic monooxygenase activities in subjects with a genetic defect in drug oxidation. Gastroenterology. 1983 Sep;85(3):682-92.


There was no correlation between the capacity for debrisoquine hydroxylation and the total concentration of microsomal cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, or the activities of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c reductase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, aldrin epoxidase, and 2-biphenylhydroxylase.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
4027115 Boobis AR, Hampden CE, Murray S, Beaune P, Davies DS: Attempts to phenotype human liver samples in vitro for debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985 Jun;19(6):721-9.

Evidence is presented here and elsewhere that bufuralol 1'-hydroxylase and debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase are activities catalysed by the same form of cytochrome P-450 in man, and that this form is different from that catalysing the epoxidation of aldrin.
37(0,1,2,2) Details
2888582 Ronis MJ, Walker CH, Peakall D: Hepatic metabolism of cyclodiene insecticides by constitutive forms of cytochrome P-450 from lower vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1987;87(2):375-88.

The metabolism of two organochlorine compounds, aldrin and the dieldrin analogue HCE, were studied in (a) intact microsomes and (b) reconstituted systems containing cytochrome P-450, from each of the five species. 5.
36(0,1,1,6) Details
2576792 Borlakoglu JT, John P: Cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of xenobiotics. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1989;94(2):613-7.

Rat hepatic Cytochrome P-450 linked enzyme activities were 1765-fold and 25-fold greater when compared with plant microsomes using aldrin and biphenyl as substrates, respectively. 4.
35(0,1,1,5) Details
2619326 Leslie C, Reidy GF, Stacey NH: Effect of ofurace, oxadixyl, and alachlor on xenobiotic biotransformation in the rat liver. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989 Nov;18(6):876-80.

Glutathione S-transferase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities responded in a non dose-dependent manner, while cytochrome P-450 content and aldrin epoxidase activities were unchanged.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
11227061 Maier P: [Development of hepatocyte cultures in toxicity testing] . ALTEX. 1989;6(1):38-50.

In co-cultures of hepatocytes, the auxiliary cells selected from livers of 10 day old rats maintained the liver cell-specific cytochrome P-450 dependent aldrin epoxidase up to one week, to 40% of the original value.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
107617 Riviere JL, De Lavaur E, Grolleau G: Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on drug metabolism in Japanese quail and its progeny. Toxicology. 1978 Dec;11(4):329-34.

PCB (DP5, 1 and 5 mg/female/day, orally for 40 days) induce microsomal hepatic enzymes (cytochrome P-450, aniline hydroxylase, aldrin epoxidase, p-nitroanisole demethylase, p-nitrophenol: UDPGA-transferase) in adult female Japanese quail.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
3569844 Haake J, Kelley M, Keys B, Safe S: The effects of organochlorine pesticides as inducers of testosterone and benzo [a] pyrene hydroxylases. Gen Pharmacol. 1987;18(2):165-9.


Using a battery of monooxygenase enzyme assays it was evident that there were significant differences between PB and several organochlorine pesticides as inducers of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2599155 Schmidt U, Machemer L: Difference between species in response to a 3,5-dichloropyridyloxyphenoxy compound: induction of cytochrome P-450 and/or peroxisome proliferation. Food Addit Contam. 1989;6 Suppl 1:S41-55.

The evaluation of the enzyme activity results showed an unusually severe dose-related induction of the monooxygenases [7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (EOD), 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EOR) and aldrin epoxidase (ALD)] in the mouse and a much weaker reaction in the other species tested.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2869902 Christian MF, Yu SJ: Cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activity in the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1986;83(1):23-7.

The activity of microsomal aldrin epoxidase was observed in various tissues of the last instar larva of the velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner) with the midgut being the most active.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3390215 Leslie C, Reidy GF, Murray M, Stacey NH: Induction of xenobiotic biotransformation by the insecticide chlordimeform, a metabolite 4-chloro-o-toluidine and a structurally related chemical o-toluidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Jul 1;37(13):2529-35.

The metabolite 4-chloro-o-toluidine increased cytochrome P-450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, glutathione S-transferase and epoxide hydrolase activities. o-Toluidine induced cytochrome P-450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, and aldrin epoxidase activities.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
8332081 Kulka U, Paul D, Bauchinger M: Development of short-term mutagenicity test systems in vitro: metabolic activation of indirectly acting mutagens by three immortal rat hepatocyte lines. Mutagenesis. 1993 May;8(3):193-7.

Furthermore, activities of the two enzymes aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and aldrin-epoxidase, which play major roles in the cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism, could be determined in all cell lines.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
2719725 Peters WH, Kremers PG: Cytochromes P-450 in the intestinal mucosa of man. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 May 1;38(9):1535-8.

With monoclonal antibodies against cytochrome P-450 (5) and P-450 (4,5,6), 52 and 54 kDa bands are visualized in microsomes from proximal as well as distal human small intestine.
A similar distribution is now found with regard to aldrin epoxidase activity.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
1680652 Naidu AK, Naidu AK, Kulkarni AP: Aldrin epoxidation. Drug Metab Dispos. 1991 Jul-Aug;19(4):758-63.

Catalytic potential of lipoxygenase as expressed in terms of its turnover numbers was approximately 4.0 nmol/min/nmol of enzyme, and it appears that lipoxygenase is up to 20 times a better catalyst of aldrin epoxidation than cytochrome P-450.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
4052094 Kelley M, Lambert I, Merrill J, Safe S: 1,4-Bis [2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP) and related compounds as inducers of hepatic monooxygenases. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Oct 1;34(19):3489-94.

Dose-response induction of mice hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, aldrin epoxidase and dimethylaminoantipyrine N-demethylase gave ED50 values for TCPOBOP and five homologs.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
4817530 Tate LG, Plapp FW, Hodgson E: Genetics of cytochrome P450 in two insecticide-resistant strains of the housefly, Musca domestica L. Biochem Genet. 1974 Jan;11(1):49-63.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
817422 Vainio H, Parkki MG: Enhancement of microsomal monooxygenase, epoxide hydrase and UDPglucuronyltransferase by aldrin, dieldrin and isosafrole administrations in rat liver. Toxicology. 1976 Mar;5(3):279-86.

NADPH cytochrome c reducatase activkty was increased 2-fold, cytochrome P-450 content 1.2-fold, benzpyrene hydrozylase activity 2.5-fold and epoxide hydrase activity 1.2-fold after treatment of rats for 3 days.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7680337 Saad B, Schawalder H, Maier P: Crude liver membrane fractions as substrate preserve liver-specific functions in long-term, serum-free rat hepatocyte cultures. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol. 1993 Jan;29A(1):32-40.

On Day 6, the 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and the aldrin epoxidase activities were still more than 50% that of freshly isolated hepatocytes.
Exposure to phenobarbital on Days 3 to 6 increased the total cytochrome P-450 content twofold; exposure to 3-methylcholanthrene increased the activity of the corresponding cytochrome P-450 isoforms to 20 times that observed in untreated cultures and 6 times that observed in freshly isolated cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2725470 Lorr NA, Bloom SE, Park SS, Gelboin HV, Miller H, Friedman FK: Evidence for a PCN-P450 enzyme in chickens and comparison of its development with that of other phenobarbital-inducible forms. Mol Pharmacol. 1989 May;35(5):610-6.

The developmental profile and induction by phenobarbital and dexamethasone of several cytochrome P450-associated catalytic activities were compared with those of the immunodetected protein.
Chicken liver microsomal erythromycin demethylase, a characteristic activity of rat pregnenolone-16-alpha-carbonitrile-inducible P450, was similar in developmental profile and induction to the immunodetected protein, with a high degree of augmentation at 1 day posthatch compared with that in the embryo and at 36 days posthatch; aldrin epoxidase, benzphetamine demethylase, ethylmorphine demethylase, and aminopyrine demethylase were more similar to each other in development and induction and were less well correlated with the immunodetected protein.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2958098 Rouer E, Rouet P, Leroux JP: Aldrin epoxidase activity in liver microsomes from normal or streptozotocin-diabetic rats: comparison with activity in isolated hepatocytes from normal rats incubated with glucagon. Biosci Rep. 1987 Feb;7(2):129-33.

Owing to the previously reported phosphorylation of a purified cytochrome P-450 isozyme, it is postulated that the cytochrome P-450 dependent aldrin epoxidase may be regulated by a glucagon induced phosphorylation process.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
6141878 Brattsten LB, Evans CK, Bonetti S, Zalkow LH: Induction by carrot allelochemicals of insecticide-metabolising enzymes in the southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania). Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1984;77(1):29-37.

Carrot foliage monoterpenes induce cytochrome P-450 up to 2.9-fold, NADPH cytochrome c (P-450) reductase up to 1.6-fold, NADPH-oxidation up to 3.8-fold, aldrin epoxidation up to 1.5-fold in southern armyworm larval midgut tissues when incorporated in their diet at 0.2% for 3 days.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
7073314 Ridlington JW, Chapman DE, Boese BL, Johnson VG, Randall R: Petroleum refinery wastewater induction of the hepatic mixed-function oxidase system in Pacific staghorn sculpin. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1982;11(1):123-7.

Induction of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 and aldrin epoxidase was observed in the estuarine sculpin (Leptocottus armatus), following in vivo exposure to Class B petroleum refinery effluent from two West Coast refineries.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
3929785 McKillop D: Effects of phenobarbitone and beta-naphthoflavone on hepatic microsomal drug metabolising enzymes of the male beagle dog. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Sep 1;34(17):3137-42.

The concentration of total cytochrome P-450 (0.46 nmoles/mg protein) and aldrin epoxidase (0.44 nmoles/mg/min) was lower in control dogs than in the rat, although ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD-1.03 nmoles/mg/min) was 2 times and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD-0.10 nmoles/mg/min) 5 times higher in the control dogs examined.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
10333321 Kotze AC: Peroxide-supported in-vitro cytochrome P450 activities in Haemonchus contortus. Int J Parasitol. 1999 Mar;29(3):389-96.

Both cumene hydroperoxide- and NADPH-supported ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities were detected in larval microsomes.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
9535735 Khan MA, Qadri SY, Tomar S, Fish D, Gururajan L, Poria MS: Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 by phenobarbital in semi-aquatic frog (Rana pipiens). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Mar 27;244(3):737-44.

The activity of PB-induced P450 (2B1) towards aldrin and pentoxyresorufin increases respectively by about 2- and 10-fold.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11090893 van Hezik CM, Letcher RJ, de Geus HJ, Wester PG, Goksoyr A, Lewis WE, Boon JP: Indications for the involvement of a CYP3A-like iso-enzyme in the metabolism of chlorobornane (Toxaphene) congeners in seals from inhibition studies with liver microsomes. Aquat Toxicol. 2001 Jan;51(3):319-33.

Inhibition of chlorobornane metabolism was not observed after the addition of goat anti-rat CYP2B antibodies or Aldrin, which is a model CYP2B substrate in rat.
The different isoforms of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system can metabolise a suite of classes of lipophilic, anthropogenic compounds.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2350231 Heinrich-Hirsch B, Hofmann D, Webb J, Neubert D: Activity of aldrinepoxidase, 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase during the development of chick embryos in ovo. Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(2):128-34.


Since the chick embryo in ovo is susceptible to the action of some agents needing metabolic activation we studied the development of the activity of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases in embryo/fetal tissue.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2872038 Forster U, Luippold G, Schwarz LR: Induction of monooxygenase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1986 May-Jun;14(3):353-60.

The following enzyme activities were determined: cytochrome P-448-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (ERDE) and cytochrome P-450-dependent aldrin epoxidase (AE), and, furthermore, the GT form (s) metabolizing 3-hydroxybenzo (a) pyrene (GT1) and the GT form (s) metabolizing 4-hydroxybiphenyl (GT2).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
15091667 Bernhoft A, Hektoen H, Skaare JU, Ingebrigtsen K: Tissue distribution and effects on hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzymes of 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-105) in COD (Gadus morhua) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ Pollut. 1994;85(3):351-9.

The fish were killed 9 and 17 days after the first treatment, and the effects of PCB-105 on hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzymes were determined by examining the cytochrome-P450-dependent ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and aldrin epoxidase activities, and the EROD-catalysing P450 1A1 protein by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
11425027 Lee SE, Lees EM: Biochemical mechanisms of resistance in strains of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) resistant to malathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl. J Econ Entomol. 2001 Jun;94(3):706-13.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity was based on cytochrome P450 content, aldrin epoxidase activity, and oxidation of organophosphate insecticides, all elevated in resistant strains.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
6626240 Van Cantfort J, Leonard-Poma M, Sele-Doyen J, Gielen JE: Differences in the biochemical properties of aldrin epoxidase, a cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase, in various tissues. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Sep 15;32(18):2697-702.
24(0,0,4,4) Details
2398819 Roscher E, Ziegler-Skylakakis K, Andrae U: Involvement of different pathways in the genotoxicity of nitropropanes in cultured mammalian cells. Mutagenesis. 1990 Jul;5(4):375-80.


The metabolic pathways leading to genotoxicity of nitropropanes in mammalian cells were investigated by measuring the effects of 2-nitropropane (2-NP) and 1-nitropropane (1-NP) on various cell lines characterized for their expression of cytochrome P450-dependent mono-oxygenases.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
1446164 Wolff T, Strecker M: Endogenous and exogenous factors modifying the activity of human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1992 Sep;44(5):263-71.

The enzymatic activity was determined by the aldrin epoxidase assay indicating a variety of enzymes inducible by phenobarbital and by glucocorticoid and androgenic hormones.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
4036165 Murray M, Hetnarski K, Wilkinson CF: Selective inhibitory interactions of alkoxymethylenedioxybenzenes towards mono-oxygenase activity in rat-hepatic microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1985 May;15(5):369-79.

A series of eight 4-n-alkoxymethylenedioxybenzene (AMDB) derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on several mono-oxygenase reactions and their capacity to form metabolite complexes with cytochrome P-450 in vitro in hepatic microsomes from phenobarbital (PB)-and Beta-naphthoflavone (Beta NF)-induced rats.
In contrast, aldrin epoxidation and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase in PB-and Beta NF-induced microsomes, respectively, were not inhibited by derivatives of AMDB.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
2873991 Beaune PH, Kremers PG, Kaminsky LS, De Graeve J, Albert A, Guengerich FP: Comparison of monooxygenase activities and cytochrome P-450 isozyme concentrations in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1986 Jul-Aug;14(4):437-42.

The results of correlation analysis suggest that: there are important variations in the amounts of the three cytochrome P-450 isozymes measured, particularly P-450 (8) and P-450 (9); aldrin epoxidase, d-benzphetamine N-demethylase, and S-warfarin 4-hydroxylase activities are linked to cytochrome P-450 (5); aryl hydrocarbon (benzo (a) pyrene) hydroxylase and 4-nitroanisole-O-demethylase activities are linked to P-450 (8); hydroxylations at the 4'-, 6-, 7-, and 8-positions of R-warfarin are closely linked to each other but are not correlated with other measured monooxygenase activities or P-450 isozyme levels; and P-450 (9) is not related to any of the catalytic activities tested.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3577206 Guengerich FP, Umbenhauer DR, Churchill PF, Beaune PH, Bocker R, Knodell RG, Martin MV, Lloyd RS: Polymorphism of human cytochrome P-450. . Xenobiotica. 1987 Mar;17(3):311-6.

Reconstitution and immunochemical studies establish that the following reactions are catalysed by the individual P-450s--P-450DB: debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation, sparteine delta 5-oxidation, bufuralol 1'-hydroxylation, encainide O-demethylation, and propanolol 4-hydroxylation; P-450PA: phenacetin O-deethylation; P-450MP: S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylation and tolbutamide methyl hydroxylation; P-450NF: oxidation of nifedipine and 16 other substituted dihydropyridines, estradiol 2- and 4-hydroxylation, aldrin epoxidation, benzphetamine N-demethylation and 6 beta-hydroxylation of testosterone, androstenedione and cortisol.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
2866919 Ronis MJ, Walker CH: Species variations in the metabolism of liposoluble organochlorine compounds by hepatic microsomal monooxygenase: comparative kinetics in four vertebrate species. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1985;82(2):445-9.

Lineweaver-Burk plots gave straight lines for both aldrin (HHDN) and the dieldrin analogue HCE.
These results give evidence of cytochrome P-450 forms which can metabolize organochlorine compounds at low substrate concentrations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10665418 Miota F, Siegfried BD, Scharf ME, Lydy MJ: Atrazine induction of cytochrome P450 in Chironomus tentans larvae. Chemosphere. 2000 Feb;40(3):285-91.

Cytochrome P450-dependent aldrin epoxidation was characterized in third instar larvae of the aquatic midge, Chironomus tentans.
15(0,0,2,5) Details
2242007 Rogiers V, Vandenberghe Y, Callaerts A, Verleye G, Cornet M, Mertens K, Sonck W, Vercruysse A: Phase I and phase II xenobiotic biotransformation in cultures and co-cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Oct 15;40(8):1701-6.

For phase I, the cytochrome P450 content and the enzymic activities of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and aldrin epoxidase have been determined, for phase II glutathione S-transferase activity was measured.
12(0,0,2,2) Details
6860371 Newman SL, Guzelian PS: Identification of the cyanopregnenolone-inducible form of hepatic cytochrome P-450 as a catalyst of aldrin epoxidation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 May 1;32(9):1529-31.
12(0,0,2,2) Details
40770 Wolff T, Deml E, Wanders H: Aldrin epoxidation, a highly sensitive indicator specific for cytochrome P-450-dependent mono-oxygenase activities. Drug Metab Dispos. 1979 Sep-Oct;7(5):301-5.
12(0,0,2,2) Details
3983973 Levi PE, Hodgson E: Oxidation of pesticides by purified cytochrome P-450 isozymes from mouse liver. Toxicol Lett. 1985 Feb-Mar;24(2-3):221-8.

Aldrin epoxidation occurred with all 5 isozymes, with cytochrome P-450 A1 being the most active.
11(0,0,1,6) Details
9076527 Kotze AC: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity in Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda). Int J Parasitol. 1997 Jan;27(1):33-40.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activities towards aldrin and 7-ethoxycoumarin were detected in microsomes prepared from L1 and L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus, and very low levels of activity towards aldrin were detected in adults.
Different patterns of expression of activities towards the 2 substrates in various life-stages, as well as different sensitivities to piperonyl butoxide, suggested the presence of more than 1 cytochrome P450 enzyme.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3927658 Schoket B, Vincze I: Induction of rat hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes by substituted urea herbicides. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1985 Apr;56(4):283-8.

Effects of eight structurally closely related substituted urea herbicides were investigated on the induction of cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase enzyme complex, as well as on two conjugating enzymes after short-term treatment of rats.
Aldrin epoxidase activities were increased up to 3-fold, and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities were only slightly different from the control level.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
8765561 Snyder MJ, Glendinning JI: Causal connection between detoxification enzyme activity and consumption of a toxic plant compound. J Comp Physiol A. 1996 Aug;179(2):255-61.

For example, larval tobacco hornworms (Manduca sexta) experience a dramatic increase in cytochrome P450 activity against nicotine after ingesting nicotine.
When offered a nicotine diet, larvae failed to show a significant increase in consumption before 36 h, which was coincident with the time-course of the induction of midgut P450 activities against aldrin and nicotine.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2043048 Misra RR, Lorr NA, Bloom SE: Cyclophosphamide metabolism in the primary immune organs of the chick: assays of drug activation, P450 expression, and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Arch Toxicol. 1991;65(1):32-8.

Three catalytic assays were used to characterize and compare cytochrome P450-associated enzyme activities in neonatal hepatic and lymphoid tissues.
Aldrin epoxidase (AE) was used to detect phenobarbital (PB)-inducible P450 activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6719936 Ioannides C, Lum PY, Parke DV: Cytochrome P-448 and the activation of toxic chemicals and carcinogens. Xenobiotica. 1984 Jan-Feb;14(1-2):119-37.

Substrate-interaction spectra show that cytochrome P-448 has an active site with a conformation different from that of cytochrome P-450.
The doubtful carcinogens, saccharin, DDT and aldrin, resulted in no significant induction.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6894731 Kremers P, Goujon F, De Graeve J, Van Cantfort J, Gielen JE: Multiplicity of cytochrome P-450 in primary fetal hepatocytes in culture. Eur J Biochem. 1981 May;116(1):67-72.

We have examined the effect of dexamethasone on the cytochrome P-450 type supporting different enzymic activities (aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin deethylase, aldrin monooxygenase).
11(0,0,1,6) Details
2565182 Elskus AA, Stegeman JJ: Further consideration of phenobarbital effects on cytochrome P-450 activity in the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1989;92(2):223-30.

Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, aldrin epoxidase (AE) activity, cytochrome P-450 content, and levels of cytochrome P-450E (the major BNF-inducible P-450 form and primary EROD catalyst in scup) or its homologues were measured in hepatic microsomes isolated from Fundulus heteroclitus, scup (Stenotomus chrysops) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) treated with beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or phenobarbital (PB). 2.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
2321243 Roesch SF, Wiebel FJ: Differential effects of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate on cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activities in rat hepatoma cells: induction of P-450I and suppression of P-450II. Toxicology. 1990 Apr 17;61(2):147-59.

We have studied the effects of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) on cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activities in several differentiated and dedifferentiated Reuber rat hepatoma cell lines using aryl hydrocarbon (benzo [a] pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), and aldrin epoxidase (AE) as test systems.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
2859168 Osimitz TG, Kulkarni AP: Polyamine effects on cytochrome P-450- and flavin-containing monooxygenase-mediated oxidation of xenobiotics. Drug Metab Dispos. 1985 Mar-Apr;13(2):197-203.

Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine all caused a different degree of stimulation of oxidative dearylation of parathion and O-ethyl-O-p-nitrophenylphosphonothioate, epoxidation of aldrin, and O-deethylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3004505 Falzon M, McMahon JB, Schuller HM: Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activity in human non-small-cell derived lung cancer cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Feb 15;35(4):563-8.

No aldrin epoxidase activity was present in either untreated or pretreated cell lines.
Cytochrome P-450 levels were spectroscopically detectable only in NCI-H322.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
4015701 Wolff T, Strecker M: Lack of relationship between debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation and other cytochrome P-450 dependent reactions in rat and human liver. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Aug 1;34(15):2593-8.

Pretreatment of animals with common inducers, such as phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, the commercial PCB mixture, Clophen A-50, dexamethasone and pregenenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile did not lead to induction of DQH, while most reference reactions, i.e. aldrin epoxidation, ethylmorphine demethylation, and benzo (a)-pyrene hydroxylation were induced under these conditions.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7396910 Wiebel FJ, Wolff T, Lambiotte M: Presence of cytochrome P-450- and cytochrome P-448-dependent monooxygenase functions in hepatoma cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 May 30;94(2):466-72.

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1685398 Borlakoglu JT, Stegeman J, Dils RR: Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450IA1 in pigeons treated in vivo with Aroclor 1254, a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1991;99(3):279-86.

Treatment with a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) resulted in highly significant increases in pigeon hepatic microsomal proteins (100-fold), cytochrome P-450 (11-fold), cytochrome b5 (7-fold), NADPH-cytochrome c-(P450) reductase (7-fold), ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylation (9-fold), aldrin epoxidase (22-fold), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylation (48-fold), N-demethylation of dimethylnitrosamine (28-fold) but not of lauric acid 12-hydroxylation. 2.
It is concluded that treatment with a commercial PCB mixture resulted in the induction of several isoforms of pigeon hepatic cytochrome P-450 in a fashion that is likely to be similar to that reported for mammals.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2495802 Puttmann M, Mannschreck A, Oesch F, Robertson L: Chiral effects in the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes using synthetic atropisomers of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 Apr 15;38(8):1345-52.

The racemic hexachlorobiphenyl (II) was found to be a potent (phenobarbital-type) inducer, whereas (+)-II and (-)-II, administered at 100 mumol/kg, showed clearly differing potencies as inducers with (+)-II enhancing aminopyrine N-demethylase, aldrin epoxidase and cytochrome P-450 content more potently than (-)-II.
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1907123 Skaare JU, Jensen EG, Goksoyr A, Egaas E: Response of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the mono-ortho substituted polychlorinated PCB congener 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, PCB-118, detected by enzyme activities and immunochemical methods. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Apr;20(3):349-52.

In liver microsomes prepared from fish killed 4 days after administration, the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), and aldrin epoxidase (AE) were measured.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
14503602 Qiu X, Li W, Tian Y, Leng X: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the cotton bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): tissue difference and induction. J Econ Entomol. 2003 Aug;96(4):1283-9.

Orthogonal array design was used to establish the optimal conditions for measuring Aldrin epoxidation (AE).
In vivo administration of 0.2% PMB or 0.2% NA resulted in higher microsomal protein content and levels of total cytochrome P450 as well as the two examined monooxygenase activities.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
14981232 Li X, Baudry J, Berenbaum MR, Schuler MA: Structural and functional divergence of insect CYP6B proteins: From specialist to generalist cytochrome P450. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 2;101(9):2939-44. Epub 2004 Feb 23.

Baculovirus-mediated expression of the CYP6B8 and CYP6B1 proteins demonstrates that CYP6B8 metabolizes six biosynthetically diverse plant allelochemicals (xanthotoxin, quercetin, flavone, chlorogenic acid, indole-3-carbinol, and rutin) and three insecticides (diazinon, cypermethrin, and aldrin), whereas CYP6B1 metabolizes only two allelochemicals (xanthotoxin and flavone) and one insecticide (diazinon) of those tested.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3497725 Bollinne A, Kremers P, Kolodzici C, Gielen JE: Long-term maintenance of monoxygenase activities in cultured fetal rat hepatocytes. Cell Differ. 1987 Sep;21(4):239-46.

Their aldrin epoxidase and ethoxycoumarin-o-de-ethylase activities were maintained at a high level.
Cytochrome P-450 concentration remains stable in these cells throughout the culture period.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6096035 Wiebel FJ, Kiefer F, Murdia US: Phenobarbital induces cytochrome P-450- and cytochrome P-448-dependent monooxygenases in rat hepatoma cells. Chem Biol Interact. 1984 Dec;52(2):151-62.

The induction by phenobarbital (PB) of aldrin epoxidase (AE) and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), markers of cytochrome P-450- and cytochrome P-448-dependent monooxygenases, was studied in cell lines derived from Reuber H35 rat hepatoma which differ widely in their degree of differentiation.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
2508517 Banton MI, Flory W, Jowett PL, Winston GW: Comparison of the effects of Sesbania drummondii on the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase systems of chickens and rats. Am J Vet Res. 1989 Oct;50(10):1795-9.

Increases of twofold in the cytochrome P-450 content, NADPH-cytochrome c-reductase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities; fourfold in the aldrin epoxidase activity; and 15-fold in the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were observed in the S drummondii-treated chickens.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
6662113 Kremers P, Letawe-Goujon F, De Graeve J, Duvivier J, Gielen JE: The expression of different monooxygenases supported by cytochrome P-450 in neonatal rats and in primary fetal hepatocytes in culture. Eur J Biochem. 1983 Dec 15;137(3):603-8.

Aldrin epoxidase and steroid-metabolizing monooxygenases are expressed in primary fetal rat liver cells in culture after treatment in vitro with dexamethasone.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
20026277 Zhang L, Liu X, Wang C, Liu X, Cheng G, Wu Y: Expression, purification and direct eletrochemistry of cytochrome P450 6A1 from the house fly, Musca domestica. Protein Expr Purif. 2010 May;71(1):74-8. Epub 2009 Dec 21.

Direct electrochemistry of CYP6A1 in a didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DSAB) film on an edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPG) has been obtained and the catalytic activity of the enzyme to aldrin has been demonstrated by the cyclic voltammetry.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8921143 Williams D, Woodhouse K: Age-related changes in O-deethylase and aldrin epoxidase activity in mouse skin and liver microsomes. Age Ageing. 1996 Sep;25(5):377-80.

The metabolism of three model substrates for the cytochrome P450 dependent mono-oxygenase enzyme system (P450-MMO) was studied in microsomes isolated from skin and liver of young adult and senescent C57B1/6J mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
522518 Pelkonen O, Moilanen ML: The specificity and multiplicity of human placental xenobiotic-metabolizing monooxygenase system studied by potential substrates, inhibitors and gel electrophoresis. Med Biol. 1979 Oct;57(5):306-12.

Placental preparations from smokers catalyzed benzo (a) pyrene hydroxylation, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation and 2,5-diphenyloxazole hydroxylation, but not biphenyl hydroxylation at 2-, 3- or 4-carbon, aldrin epoxidation to dieldrin or coumarin hydroxylation or aminopyrine N-demethylation.
Gel electrophoresis revealed that protein bands of placental microsomes in the region of cytochrome P-450 enzymes were less prominent than those of rat liver microsomes, a finding that accorded with the relative amounts of cytochrome P-450.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2597192 Wolff T, Wanders H, Guengerich FP: Organic solvents as modifiers of aldrin epoxidase in reconstituted monooxygenase systems and in microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 Dec 1;38(23):4217-23.

To examine the response of individual cytochrome P-450 species catalysing the epoxidation of aldrin (Wolff T and Guengerich FP, Biochem Pharmacol 36: 2581-2588, 1987), monooxygenase systems reconstituted from these species were assayed in the presence of 5% (v/v) = 0.87 M ethanol.
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1502013 Rogiers V, Callaerts A, Vercruysse A, Akrawi M, Shephard E, Phillips I: Effects of valproate on xenobiotic biotransformation in rat liver. Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1992 Jun 19;14(3A):127-31.

In both models the cytochrome P-450 content and the enzymatic activities of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, aldrin epoxidase and glutathione S-transferase were determined in valproate-treated hepatocytes, in controls and in phenobarbital-induced cells.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
9137805 Rogiers V, Vandenberghe Y, Vanhaecke T, Geerts A, Callaerts A, Carleer J, Roba J, Vercruysse A: Observation of hepatotoxic effects of 2-n-pentylaminoacetamide (Milacemide) in rat liver by a combined in vivo/in vitro approach. Arch Toxicol. 1997;71(5):271-82.

The xenobiotic biotransformation capacity of the isolated hepatocytes was studied by measuring the cytochrome P450 content, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), pentoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (PROD), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), aldrin epoxidase (AE), epoxide hydrolase (EH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities.
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2501938 Snegaroff J, Bach J: Effects of the fungicide prochloraz on xenobiotic metabolism in rainbow trout: inhibition in vitro and time course of induction in vivo. Xenobiotica. 1989 Mar;19(3):255-67.

Interactions between the fungicide prochloraz and the hepatic cytochrome P-450 of rainbow trout were studied by determination of enzymic activities in vitro using the microsomal fraction, and by kinetic studies. 2.
Prochloraz in vitro inhibited aldrin epoxidase (AE) by a linear mixed-type mechanism.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3514607 Guengerich FP, Martin MV, Beaune PH, Kremers P, Wolff T, Waxman DJ: Characterization of rat and human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 forms involved in nifedipine oxidation, a prototype for genetic polymorphism in oxidative drug metabolism. J Biol Chem. 1986 Apr 15;261(11):5051-60.

P-450NF also appears to be a major contributor to human liver microsomal aldrin epoxidation, d-benzphetamine N-demethylation, 17 beta-estradiol 2- and 4-hydroxylation, and testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation, the major pathway for oxidation of this androgen in human liver microsomes.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1215658 Bellward GD, Dawson R, Otten M: The effect of dieldrin-contaminated feed on rat hepatic microsomal epoxide hydrase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1975 Dec;12(4):669-84.

Slight but significant increases in levels of cytochrome P-450 were observed.
Two days of intraperitoneal administration of technical grade dieldrin, analytical grade dieldrin and analytical grade aldrin gave similar increases in EH activity within this group.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10375008 McKillop D, Back DJ, McCormick AD, Evans JA, Tjia J: Preclinical and in vitro assessment of the potential of D0870, an antifungal agent, for producing clinical drug interactions. Xenobiotica. 1999 Apr;29(4):395-408.

D0870, an azole antifungal agent, produced dose-related increases in total cytochrome P450 and aldrin epoxidase when administered as 14 daily oral doses (0, 0.5, 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg/day) to the male rat.
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739217 Stott WT, Sinnhuber RO: Dietary protein levels and aflatoxin B metabolism in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1978 Nov-Dec;2(2):379-88.

Fish fed diets containing 32 percent, 52 percent and 62 percent fish protein concentrate (FPC) were examined for hepatic cytochrome P-450 content and in vitro cytochrome c reductase, glutathione-S-epoxide transferase (GTr), epoxide hydrase (EH) and aldrin epoxidase (AE) activity.
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6334605 Wiebel FJ, Park SS, Kiefer F, Gelboin HV: Expression of cytochromes P-450 in rat hepatoma cells. Eur J Biochem. 1984 Dec 17;145(3):455-62.

We have studied the expression of aldrin eposidase (AE), 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECDE), and aryl hydrocarbon (benzo [a] pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH) in nine differentiated or dedifferentiated cell lines derived from H4IIEC3 rat hepatoma cells.
The nature of the cytochromes P-450 mediating AE, ECDE and AHH activities was analysed using monoclonal antibodies (MAb) made to the major 3-methylcholanthrene-induced cytochrome P-450 (MAb-MC) or phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 (MAb-PB) from rat liver.
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9407006 Dunkov BC, Guzov VM, Mocelin G, Shotkoski F, Brun A, Amichot M, Ffrench-Constant RH, Feyereisen R: The Drosophila cytochrome P450 gene Cyp6a2: structure, localization, heterologous expression, and induction by phenobarbital. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Nov;16(11):1345-56.

The CYP6A2 protein produced in this system metabolized aldrin and heptachlor to their epoxides and metabolized the insecticide diazinon by desulfuration to diazoxon and by oxidative ester cleavage to 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine.
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2411555 Cresteil T, Beaune P, Kremers P, Celier C, Guengerich FP, Leroux JP: Immunoquantification of epoxide hydrolase and cytochrome P-450 isozymes in fetal and adult human liver microsomes. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Sep 2;151(2):345-50.

Aldrin epoxidase and benzphetamine-N-demethylase activities were correlated with isozyme 5 concentration, but with different slopes for adult and fetal microsomes: adult preparations catalyzed these two reactions more efficiently.
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8347134 Borlakoglu JT, Scott A, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR: Alterations in rat hepatic drug metabolism during pregnancy and lactation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jul 6;46(1):29-36.

Four days post partum, the concentrations of cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 were reduced by 50% when compared with pregnant rats, at day 10 of gestation.
Within this time period the N-demethylation of aminopyrine, the rate of aldrin epoxidation and the N-demethylation of demethylnitrosamine was reduced by 53, 74 and 21%, respectively.
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3705617 Rettie AE, Williams FM, Rawlins MD: Substrate specificity of the mouse skin mixed-function oxidase system. Xenobiotica. 1986 Mar;16(3):205-11.

Relative to liver, mouse skin preferentially metabolized ethoxyresorufin, benzo [alpha] pyrene and diphenyloxazole over aldrin, coumarin and the C1-C4 7-alkyl umbelliferone ethers.
It is concluded that mouse skin contains multiple forms of cytochrome P-450, and that forms functionally analogous to those induced by polycyclic hydrocarbons in rodent liver are present in untreated mouse skin.
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6842618 Pollock GA, Krasnec JP, Niemann BR: Rat hepatic microsomal enzyme induction by pretreatment with toxaphene and toxaphene fractions. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Mar;11(3):355-63.

All doses caused increases in liver/body weight ratio, cytochrome P-450 level, aminopyrine demethylation, and aldrin epoxidation.
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3606656 Wolff T, Guengerich FP: Rat liver cytochrome P-450 isozymes as catalysts of aldrin epoxidation in reconstituted monooxygenase systems and microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1987 Aug 15;36(16):2581-8.

Of ten cytochrome P-450 forms analyzed, seven isozymes, listed in order of decreasing activity, catalyzed aldrin epoxidation: P-450UT-A, P-450PB-C, P-450UT-H, P-450PB-B, P-450PCN-E, P-450UT-F, and P-450PB-D.
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1787526 Schulz-Schalge T, Heger W, Webb J, Kastner M, Neubert D: Ontogeny of monooxygenase activities in the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). J Med Primatol. 1991 Sep;20(7):325-33.

Cytochrome P450 was detected in the fetal adrenal gland, but aldrin epoxidase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activities were below detection limits.
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3934854 Krupski G, Kiefer F, Wiebel FJ: Variability in the expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes during the growth cycle of rat hepatoma cells. Xenobiotica. 1985 Aug-Sep;15(8-9):781-7.

Cytochrome P-450-dependent aldrin epoxidase activity showed a peak on day 3 after plating of cells and decreased by more than 90% during the following six days.
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3199414 Winston GW, Narayan S: Alteration of liver microsomal monooxygenases and substrate competition with aniline hydroxylase from rats chronically fed low-fat and high-fat-containing alcohol diets. J Biochem Toxicol. 1988 Fall;3:191-212.

Whereas, both LF-EtOH and HF-EtOH caused a decrease in the turnover of arylhydrocarbon (benzo [a] pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH) and aldrin epoxidase compared to pair-fed (PF) controls, LF-EtOH but not HF-EtOH increased the turnover of ethoxycoumarin and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (ECOD and EROD).
Ethoxycoumarin (EC) inhibited aniline hydroxylase by microsomes from EtOH- and pyrazole-treated rats, whereas it stimulated aniline hydroxylase by control microsomes, suggesting that the EC effects were associated with EtOH-inducible cytochrome P-450.
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9418014 Bolton RM, Ahokas JT: Ontogenic expression of detoxication enzymes in an Australian marsupial, the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Sep;118(1):239-47.


A gradual increase in expression was then observed until a significant 3-fold increase to adult levels of expression of cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5 and glutathione transferase content and ECOD and AE activity was observed in brushtail possum young between the ages of 150 +/- 15 and 180 +/- 15 days.
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6269252 Lambotte-Vandepaer M, Noel G, Remacle J, Poncelet F, Roberfroid M, Mercier M: Preparation and analysis of a lung microsomal fraction from control and 3-methylcholanthrene treated rats. Toxicol Eur Res. 1981 May;3(3):141-7.

The cytochrome P450 level was measured in both control and 3-methylcholanthrene preparations.
The activities and the kinetic parameters of lung benzpyrene hydroxylase and aldrin epoxidase were measured using the lung microsomal fractions from control and previously 3-methylcholanthrene treated rats; 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment modified the catalytiac properties of both enzymes.
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1375920 Foster JR, Green T, Smith LL, Lewis RW, Hext PM, Wyatt I: Methylene chloride--an inhalation study to investigate pathological and biochemical events occurring in the lungs of mice over an exposure period of 90 days. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1992 Apr;18(3):376-88.

The appearance and disappearance of the lesion in the Clara cell correlated well with the activity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in the Clara cell as assessed immunocytochemically (cytochromes P450IIB 1 and 2) in the whole lung and biochemically in the freshly isolated Clara cell (determined by ethoxycoumarin O-dealkylation and aldrin epoxidation).
This suggested that with time the lung (Clara cell) has developed tolerance to MC possibly due to the inactivation of a cytochrome P450 isozyme.
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3629631 Reidy GF, Rose HA, Stacey NH: Effect of length of exposure to malathion on xenobiotic biotransformation in male rat liver. Toxicol Lett. 1987 Sep;38(1-2):193-9.


Aldrin epoxidation was decreased after 1 week of exposure to 200 mg/kg and by both dosage regimens after 2 weeks.
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2425856 Gutkina NI, Mishin VM, Liakhovich VV: [Induction of the phenobarbital form of cytochrome P-450 by chemically unrelated compounds]. Biokhimiia. 1986 Jul;51(7):1223-9.

Antibodies against PB-cytochrome P-450 inhibited by 50-70% the benzphetamine-N-demethylase and aldrin-epoxidase activities, whereas the antibodies to methylcholanthrene-induced cytochrome P-450 were fairly ineffective.
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6780342 Wolff T, Greim H, Huang MT, Miwa GT, Lu AY: Aldrin epoxidation catalyzed by purified rat-liver cytochromes P-450 and P-448. Eur J Biochem. 1980 Oct;111(2):545-51.

These results indicate that aldrin is a highly selective substrate for cytochrome P-450 species present in microsomes of phenobarbital-treated animals and is a poor substrate for cytochrome P-448.
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2056911 Singh J, Roscher E: Induction of DNA damage by N-nitrosodiethylamine in rat hepatoma cells: correlation with cytochrome P450-mediated aldrin epoxidase activity. Mutagenesis. 1991 Mar;6(2):117-21.
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