| Name | muscles |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | COX 7a M; COX VIIa M; COX7A; COX7A1; COX7A1 protein; COX7AH; COX7AM; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a H… |
| Name | 4-aminopyridine |
|---|---|
| CAS | 4-pyridinamine |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14643009 | Sharp PS, Dekkers J, Dick JR, Greensmith L: Manipulating transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction of neonatal rats alters the expression of ChAT and GAP-43 in motoneurons. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2003 Dec 19;146(1-2):29-38. During early postnatal development, motoneurons innervating rat hindlimb muscles die following injury to the sciatic nerve. In newborn rats, implants containing either 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), to increase transmitter release, or magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), to decrease release, were applied to the soleus muscle in one hindlimb. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10758273 | Adler M, Capacio B, Deshpande SS: Antagonism of botulinum toxin A-mediated muscle paralysis by 3, 4-diaminopyridine delivered via osmotic minipumps. Toxicon. 2000 Oct;38(10):1381-8. In the absence of 3,4-DAP, a local injection of five mouse LD (50) units of BoNT/A led to total paralysis of EDL muscles within 24 h of application. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10710133 | Satake N, Imanishi M, Keto Y, Ishikawa M, Yamada H, Shibata S, Tomiyama A: The inhibitory effect of KT3-671, a nonpeptide angiotensin-receptor antagonist, on rabbit and rat isolate vascular smooth muscles: a possible involvement of K (ATP) channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Mar;35(3):457-67. ODQ (3 x 10 (-6) M), N (G)-nitro- (3 x 10 (-4) M), 4-aminopyridine (3 x 10 (-3) M), tetraethylammonium (TEA; 10 (-3) M), or iberiotoxin (10 (-7) M) did not affect the inhibitory action of KT3-671 or CV-11974. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11166786 | Satoh K, Motomura M, Suzu H, Nakao Y, Fujimoto T, Fukuda T, Nakane S, Nakamura T, Eguchi K: Neurogenic bladder in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and its response to 3,4-diaminopyridine. J Neurol Sci. 2001 Jan 15;183(1):1-4. Responses of 3,4-DAP in urodynamic studies suggest that in this LEMS patient neurogenic bladder was caused by defective neurotransmission both in the autonomic detrusor and skeletal abdominal muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12804456 | Maddison P, Newsom-Davis J: Treatment for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. . Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD003279. The mean amplitude used was the mean of all muscles tested. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15644941 | Salapatek AM, Ji J, Muinuddin A, Diamant NE: Potassium channel diversity within the muscular components of the feline lower esophageal sphincter. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Nov;82(11):1006-17. There was a large reduction in outward current with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in sling muscle, while BKCa blockers had a limited effect on the voltage-activated outward current in sling muscle. The electrophysiological differences seen between the circular and sling muscles provide a basis for their different contributions to LES activities such as resting tone and neurotransmitter responsiveness, and in turn could impart asymmetric drug responses and provide specific therapeutic targets. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10803358 | Aomine M, Yamato T: Electrophysiological properties of ventricular muscle obtained from spontaneously diabetic mice. Exp Anim. 2000 Jan;49(1):23-33. A blocker of transient outward current (I (to)), 4-aminopyridine, significantly prolonged the APD of the B6 mice, but failed to prolong it in the KK mice, suggesting that Ito in the diabetic mice is very small. Ventricular muscles from both mice were examined by light microscopy. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 16690218 | Harriott AM, Dessem D, Gold MS: Inflammation increases the excitability of masseter muscle afferents. Neuroscience. 2006 Aug 11;141(1):433-42. Epub 2006 May 9. Temporomandibular disorder is a major health problem associated with chronic orofacial pain in the masticatory muscles and/or temporomandibular joint. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 14695352 | Choi JC, Park D, Griffith LC: Electrophysiological and morphological characterization of identified motor neurons in the Drosophila third instar larva central nervous system. J Neurophysiol. 2004 May;91(5):2353-65. Epub 2003 Dec 24. The terminal targets of these five neurons are body wall muscles 6/7, 1, 14, and 30 and the intersegmental nerve (ISN) terminal muscles (1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 19, 20). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10978741 | Adler M, Keller JE, Sheridan RE, Deshpande SS: Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin A demonstrated by sequential administration of serotypes A and E in rat EDL muscle. Toxicon. 2001 Feb-Mar;39(2-3):233-43. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from rats were injected locally with 5 mouse LD (50) units of BoNT/A or 20 mouse LD (50) units of BoNT/E; these doses were selected to produce total paralysis of EDL muscles within 48 hr. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 12840158 | van Lunteren E, Moyer M: Sternohyoid muscle fatigue properties of dy/dy dystrophic mice, an animal model of merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy. Pediatr Res. 2003 Oct;54(4):547-53. Epub 2003 Jul 2. We hypothesized that merosin-deficient pharyngeal muscles fatigue faster than normal muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14976250 | Bush E, Fielitz J, Melvin L, Martinez-Arnold M, McKinsey TA, Plichta R, Olson EN: A small molecular activator of cardiac hypertrophy uncovered in a chemical screen for modifiers of the calcineurin signaling pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 2;101(9):2870-5. Epub 2004 Feb 19. The calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin, regulates growth and gene expression of striated muscles. In a high-throughput screen for small molecules capable of regulating MCIP1 expression in muscle cells, we identified a unique 4-aminopyridine derivative exhibiting an embedded partial structural motif of |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15614421 | Han WN, Li XH, Jiang ZY, Ji HY, Huang LJ, Wang ZM, Zhu DL: Effect of 15-HETE on channels of rabbit pulmonary arterial smooth muscles during hypoxia. Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2004 Dec 25;56(6):717-22. The results showed that 15-HETE-induced vasoconstriction was blocked by 4-aminopyridine (5 mmol/L), a Kv channel blocker. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16360146 | Fujimoto S, Mori M, Tsushima H, Kunimatsu M: -induced, capsazepine-insensitive relaxation of the guinea-pig ileum. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Jan 13;530(1-2):144-51. Epub 2005 Dec 19. The mechanisms underlying transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1)-independent relaxation elicited by were studied by measuring isometric force and phosphorylation of 20-kDa regulatory light chain subunit of myosin (MLC (20)) in ileum longitudinal smooth muscles of guinea-pigs. The relaxant response was attenuated by 4-aminopyridine and high-KCl solution, but not by capsazepine, tetraethylammonium, Ba (2+), glibenclamide, charybdotoxin plus apamin nor antagonists of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and calcitonin-gene related peptide. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10886337 | Sahara Y, Gotoh M, Konno K, Miwa A, Tsubokawa H, Robinson HP, Kawai N: A new class of neurotoxin from wasp venom slows inactivation of current. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1961-70. Paired intracellular recordings from the presynaptic axon terminals and the innervating lobster leg muscles revealed that alpha-PMTX induced long bursts of action potentials in the presynaptic axon, which resulted in facilitated excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12595962 | Horinouchi T, Tanaka Y, Koike K: Evidence for the primary role for 4-aminopyridine-sensitive K (v) channels in beta (3)-adrenoceptor-mediated, cyclic AMP-independent relaxations of guinea-pig gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;367(2):193-203. Epub 2003 Jan 14. |
87(1,1,1,7) | Details |
| 14727522 | Horinouchi T, Tanaka Y, Koike K: [beta-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in relaxations of guinea-pig gastrointestinal smooth muscles: distribution and signaling pathway of beta 3-adrenoceptors]. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2003 Nov;122 Suppl:54P-56P. These results indicate that beta 3-adrenoceptors play a primary role in relaxations of guinea-pig gastrointestinal smooth muscles and 4-aminopyridine-sensitive Kv channels participate in cAMP-independent smooth muscle relaxations in response to the activation of beta 3-adrenoceptors. |
34(0,1,1,4) | Details |
| 11867346 | Oonuma H, Iwasawa K, Iida H, Nagata T, Imuta H, Morita Y, Yamamoto K, Nagai R, Omata M, Nakajima T: Inward rectifier K (+) current in human bronchial smooth muscle cells: inhibition with antisense oligonucleotides targeted to Kir2.1 mRNA. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2002 Mar;26(3):371-9. Inward rectifier K (+) (Kir) channels play an important role in forming membrane potential and then modulating muscle tone in certain types of smooth muscles. The current was unaffected by 4-aminopyridine, glibenclamide, and charybdotoxin, and hardly inhibited by tetraethylammonium, but was potently inhibited by extracellular Ba (2+). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15610163 | Brooke RE, Moores TS, Morris NP, Parson SH, Deuchars J: Kv3 voltage-gated potassium channels regulate neurotransmitter release from mouse motor nerve terminals. Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Dec;20(12):3313-21. Light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry revealed Kv3.3 and Kv3.4 subunits within all motor nerve terminals of muscles examined [transversus abdominus, lumbrical and flexor digitorum brevis (FDB)]. Consistent with this, 15-microM 4-aminopyridine, which blocks Kv3 but not large-conductance -activated channels, enhanced evoked EPP amplitude. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10754214 | Manubay P, van Lunteren E: Effects on dystrophic (dy/dy) limb muscle of the K+ channel blocker tetraethylammonium. Neurosci Lett. 2000 Apr 14;283(3):169-72. K (+) channel blockers, such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine, increase force of normal skeletal muscle. To determine whether they also increase force of diseased muscle, effects of TEA were examined on limb muscles of dy/dy dystrophic mice in vitro. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19407249 | Kang LS, Kim S, Dominguez JM 2nd, Sindler AL, Dick GM, Muller-Delp JM: Aging and muscle fiber type alter K+ channel contributions to the myogenic response in skeletal muscle arterioles. J Appl Physiol. 2009 Aug;107(2):389-98. Epub 2009 Apr 30. Myogenic responses of first-order arterioles from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of 4- and 24-mo-old Fischer 344 rats were evaluated in the presence and absence of 4-aminopyridine (5 mM) or iberiotoxin (30 nM), inhibitors of KV and BKCa, respectively. 4-Aminopyridine enhanced myogenic tone with aging and normalized age-related differences in both muscle types. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 11311807 | Dekkers J, Waters J, Vrbova G, Greensmith L: Treatment of the neuromuscular junction with 4-aminopyridine results in improved reinnervation following nerve injury in neonatal rats. Neuroscience. 2001;103(1):267-74. The muscles in one hindlimb of newborn rats were treated with 4-aminopyridine. |
14(0,0,2,4) | Details |
| 15356676 | DeForge D, Nymark J, Lemaire E, Gardner S, Hunt M, Martel L, Curran D, Barbeau H: Effect of 4-aminopyridine on gait in ambulatory spinal cord injuries: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Spinal Cord. 2004 Dec;42(12):674-85. Animal and human research have shown that the drug 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) may improve gait in spinal cord lesions by enhancing nerve transmission to affected muscles. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 16597439 | Myung SC, Keum EM, Park SY, Lee MY, Kim SC: Vasomotor action of insulin on the rabbit normal cavernous smooth muscle. . Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Apr 24;536(1-2):142-7. In addition, responses to insulin were not inhibited by K+ channel blockers, i.e., tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10 mM) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 10 microM). We conclude that insulin induces the endothelium-dependent relaxation of cavernous smooth muscles and that this relaxation response may emanate from the direct inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels by |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10574468 | Kocic I, Dworakowska D, Dworakowski R: 4-Aminopyridine induces positive lusitropic effects and prevents the negative inotropic action of in the rat cardiac tissue subjected to ischaemia. J Physiol Pharmacol. 1999 Sep;50(3):381-9. Experiments were performed on rat isolated papillary muscles obtained from left ventricle. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11351024 | Koh SD, Sanders KM: Stretch-dependent channels in murine colonic smooth muscle cells. J Physiol. 2001 May 15;533(Pt 1):155-63. Internal 4-aminopyridine, Ca2+ (10 (-8) to 10 (-6) M), and tetraethylammonium (internal or external) were without effect on SDK channels. donors (and cell-permeant analogues) activated SDK channels, suggesting that these channels may mediate a portion of the enteric inhibitory neural response in colonic muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11192945 | Kecskemeti V, Balogh I: The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonists and nitric oxide in cardiac actions of PAF. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;51(4 Pt 1):723-35. Isometric twitches and intracellular action potentials (APs) were recorded from guinea-pig right ventricular papillary muscles and left atria. The shortening of atrial and ventricular AP duration (APD) by both PAF antagonits were abolished by 4-aminopyridine (10 (-3) M), a blocker of one type of K+ channels (IKto). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15846654 | Maddison P, Newsom-Davis J: Treatment for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. . Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Apr 18;(2):CD003279. The mean amplitude used was the mean of all muscles tested. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12975592 | Pataricza J, Krassoi I, Hohn J, Kun A, Papp JG: Functional role of channels in the vasodilating mechanism of levosimendan in porcine isolated coronary artery. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2003 Mar;17(2):115-21. Levosimendan, a new type of inodilator drugs, is known to activate membrane 3',5'--sensitive (KATP) channels in some vascular smooth muscles and causes vasorelaxation. The interaction of levosimendan with the specific -activated potassium channel (KCa) blocker, iberiotoxin (IBTX), and the voltage-sensitive potassium channel (KV) blocker, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), was also studied. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12364405 | Sasaki K, Fujisawa Y, Morishita F, Matsushima O, Furukawa Y: The enterins inhibit the contractile activity of the anterior aorta of Aplysia kurodai. J Exp Biol. 2002 Nov;205(Pt 22):3525-33. We found that the enterins activate the 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-sensitive K (+) channels, and thereby hyperpolarize the membrane potential of the aortic muscles. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 15774516 | Cho SY, Beckett EA, Baker SA, Han I, Park KJ, Monaghan K, Ward SM, Sanders KM, Koh SD: A pH-sensitive conductance (TASK) and its function in the murine gastrointestinal tract. J Physiol. 2005 May 15;565(Pt 1):243-59. Epub 2005 Mar 17. The excitability of smooth muscles is regulated, in part, by background K+ conductances that determine resting membrane potential. The effects of lidocaine were not blocked by tetraethylammonium 4-aminopyridine, glibenclamide, apamin or MK-499. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 11123705 | Frey BW, Lynch FT, Kinsella JM, Horowitz B, Sanders KM, Carl A: Blocking of cloned and native delayed rectifier K channels from visceral smooth muscles by phencyclidine. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2000 Dec;12(6):509-16. Native delayed rectifier K+ current in canine circular colon is composed of at least three components: (i) a rapidly activating, 4-aminopyridine-sensitive component (termed IdK (f)); (ii) a slowly activating, tetraethylammonium (TEA)-sensitive component (IdK (s)); and (iii) a rapidly activating, TEA-sensitive component, which has a steady-state inactivation curve shifted towards more negative potentials (IdK (n)). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12491798 | Horinouchi T, Tanaka Y, Koike K: [Beta 3-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of guinea-pig gastric funds smooth muscle: cAMP-independent characteristics and a primary role of 4-aminopyridine-sensitive voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels]. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2002 Nov;120(1):109P-111P. beta-Adrenoceptor subtypes which mediate relaxation of guinea-pig gastrointestinal smooth muscles in response to catecholamines ((-)-isoprenaline, (-)- and (-)- and beta 3-adrenoceptor agonists (BRL37344 and (+/-)-CGP12177A) are predominantly beta 3-adrenoceptors. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11818782 | Chen X, Yamakage M, Namiki A: Inhibitory effects of volatile anesthetics on K+ and Cl- channel currents in porcine tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle. Anesthesiology. 2002 Feb;96(2):458-66. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of volatile anesthetics, which are potent bronchodilators, on the activities of these channels in porcine tracheal and bronchial smooth muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10680790 | Sanders DB, Massey JM, Sanders LL, Edwards LJ: A randomized trial of 3,4-diaminopyridine in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology. 2000 Feb 8;54(3):603-7. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon's rank sum test demonstrated that patients who received DAP had a significantly greater improvement in the QMG score and in the summated amplitude of compound muscle action potentials recorded from three sentinel limb muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17561839 | Morbiato L, Carli L, Johnson EA, Montecucco C, Molgo J, Rossetto O: Neuromuscular paralysis and recovery in mice injected with botulinum neurotoxins A and C. Eur J Neurosci. 2007 May;25(9):2697-704. Extensor digitorum longus or tibialis anterior muscles were dissected at times of complete paralysis and of complete recovery. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15719131 | Liu SQ, Zang WJ, Li ZL, Sun Q, Yu XJ, Luo HL, Zhu SM: [Voltage-activated potassium channel blockers inhibit anisodamine-induced relaxation of rabbit aortic smooth muscles precontracted with Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2005 Feb 25;57(1):21-6. In a 8-min period, 1, 3 and 10 micromol/L of anisodamine, significantly relaxed the 0.01 micromol/L NA precontracted aortic ring by (19.1+/-3.1)%, (30.1+/-3.8)% and (38.3+/-4.2)%, respectively, compared with the controls [by (4.8+/-2.4)%, (5.1+/-1.8)% and (5.6+/-2.5)%, respectively] (P <0.01). 10 mmol/L of CsCl (a non-selective potassium channel blocker), 1 mmol/L of 4-aminopyridine [a selective voltage-activated potassium channel (K (V)) blocker], 10 mumol/L BaCl2 (a selective inwardly-rectifying potassium channel blocker), 10 micromol/L of glibenclamide (a selective ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker), 3 micromol/L of charybdotoxin (a large- and intermediate-conductance Ca (2+)-activated channels blocker) and 3 micromol/L of apamin (a selective small conductance Ca (2+)-activated potassium channel blocker) significantly increased the NA-induced contraction by (14.4+/-3.2)%, (16.3+/-5.8)%, (12.7+/-4.2)%, (13.6+/-2.0)%, (11.1+/-5.5)% and (13.4+/-4.3)%, respectively, compared with the control [by (5.6 +/-1.2)%] (P <0.01). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10623484 | Abdel-Zaher AO: The myoneural effects of lithium on the nerve-muscle preparations of rats. Pharmacol Res. 2000 Feb;41(2):163-78. Pretreatment with 4-aminopyridine or barium inhibited the relaxant effects of lithium on the indirectly- and directly-elicited diaphragmatic contractions. Pretreatment with glibenclamide inhibited markedly the combined effects of lithium and diazoxide on the contractions of the diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscles induced indirectly. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19887885 | Park SY, Park SU, Sohn UD: Regulators involved in the electrically stimulated response of feline esophageal smooth muscle. Pharmacology. 2009;84(6):346-55. Epub 2009 Nov 3. Furthermore, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), voltage-dependent K (+) (K (v)) channel blocker, did not significantly enhance off-contraction. In this study, we investigated the components of electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced responses and the intracellular factors that mediate electrically stimulated responses in feline distal esophageal smooth muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11297809 | Irnaten M, Wang J, Mendelowitz D: Firing properties of identified superior laryngeal neurons in the nucleus ambiguus in the rat. Neurosci Lett. 2001 Apr 27;303(1):1-4. Superior laryngeal motoneurons control muscles in the larynx and recent work has shown they also have axon collaterals that project to cardiac vagal neurons in the nucleus ambiguus. The voltage-gated currents in SLNs consist of a TTX-sensitive Na current and a 4-aminopyridine sensitive K current. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17725506 | Taccola G, Nistri A: Oscillatory circuits underlying locomotor networks in the rat spinal cord. . Crit Rev Neurobiol. 2006;18(1-2):25-36. The mammalian thoracolumbar spinal cord contains all the necessary elements to generate a rhythmic oscillatory activity that is transformed into locomotor commands to agonist and antagonist limb muscles to produce gait at various speed. In fact, activation of metabotropic group I glutamate receptors or block of certain K+ currents by 4-aminopyridine generates non-locomotor discharges, and, at the same time, facilitates evoked locomotor activity, which then suppresses any other interfering rhythmicity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12967944 | Hashitani H, Brading AF: Electrical properties of detrusor smooth muscles from the pig and human urinary bladder. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;140(1):146-58. Epub 2003 Jun 9. Charybdotoxin (CTX, 50 nm) increased the amplitude and duration of action potentials but failed to inhibit the fast AHPs, while apamin (0.1 microm) blocked the fast AHPs and induced action potential complexes, which were followed by slow AHPs. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mm) suppressed the slow AHP and increased action potential frequency. (4) In the human bladder, transmural stimuli initiated inhibitory junction potential-like hyperpolarizations, which were followed by action potential discharges. |
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| 17190034 | van Lunteren E, Pollarine J, Moyer M: Inotropic effects of the K+ channel blocker 3,4-diaminopyridine: differential responses of rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2006 Dec;14(4):419-26. To determine the extent of hindlimb muscle force augmentation, and delineate whether DAP effects vary in muscles comprised of mainly slow versus fast fibers, rat soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm muscle samples were studied in vitro. |
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| 12618229 | Fauconnier J, Bedut S, Le Guennec JY, Babuty D, Richard S: Ca2+ current-mediated regulation of action potential by pacing rate in rat ventricular myocytes. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Mar;57(3):670-80. METHODS: We recorded APs using a microelectrode technique in rat papillary muscles, and using the whole-cell current patch-clamp technique in single rat ventricular cells. The FD prolongation was enhanced in presence of the K (+) current blocker 4-aminopyridine (5 mmol/l), and decreased in absence of extracellular Ca (2+). |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 10851390 | Tim RW, Massey JM, Sanders DB: Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: electrodiagnostic findings and response to treatment. Neurology. 2000 Jun 13;54(11):2176-8. Doubling of the compound motor action potential amplitude in three tested distal muscles was seen in only 41% of patients. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18394011 | Beckett EA, Han I, Baker SA, Han J, Britton FC, Koh SD: Functional and molecular identification of pH-sensitive K+ channels in murine urinary bladder smooth muscle. BJU Int. 2008 Jul;102(1):113-24. Epub 2008 Apr 3. RESULTS: Acidic pH (pH 6.5) depolarized the resting membrane potential of murine bladder smooth muscles and increased muscle tone and contractility. Pre-treatment of bladder myocytes with the classical K (+) antagonists tetraethylammonium (10 mm), 4-aminopyridine (5 mM), glibenclamide (10 microm) or apamin (300 nM) did not inhibit the effects of low pH on outward current. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14594195 | Faizi M, Janahmadi M, Mahmoudian M: The effect of mebudipine and dibudipine, two new Ca2+ channel blockers, in comparison with nifedipine on Ca2+ spikes of F1 neuronal soma membrane in Helix aspersa. Acta Physiol Hung. 2003;90(3):243-54. In previous studies, they showed considerable relaxant effect on vascular and ileal smooth muscles. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12381815 | Amberg GC, Baker SA, Koh SD, Hatton WJ, Murray KJ, Horowitz B, Sanders KM: Characterization of the A-type current in murine gastric antrum. J Physiol. 2002 Oct 15;544(Pt 2):417-28. The A-type current was blocked by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and was inhibited by flecainide, with an IC (50) of 35 microM. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11526982 | Wolfe DL, Hayes KC, Hsieh JT, Potter PJ: Effects of 4-aminopyridine on motor evoked potentials in patients with spinal cord injury: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. J Neurotrauma. 2001 Aug;18(8):757-71. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 15528254 | Takeda Y, Ward SM, Sanders KM, Koh SD: Effects of the gap junction blocker glycyrrhetinic acid on gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Apr;288(4):G832-41. Epub 2004 Nov 4. GA also significantly increased large-conductance Ca (2+)-activated K (+) currents but decreased net delayed rectifier K (+) currents, including 4-aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium-resistant currents. In murine small intestinal muscles, beta-GA (10 muM) decreased phasic contractions and depolarized resting membrane potential. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 11889838 | Oishi K, Oya Y, Yamamoto T, Shigeto H, Ogawa M, Kawai M: [Quantitative evaluation of the effect of 3,4-diaminopyridine in a patient with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome using dynamic dynamometry]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2001 Aug;41(8):515-8. The chief complaint was weakness and atrophy of the thigh muscles, which prevented her from climbing stairs even with a handrail. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 20157397 | Kim JK, Han WH, Lee MY, Myung SC, Kim SC, Kim MK: relaxes rabbit seminal vesicle by calcium channel inhibition. . Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008 Apr;12(2):73-7. Epub 2008 Apr 30. Recent studies have documented that relaxes several smooth muscles by modulating K (+) channel activities. Various K (+) channel blockers, such as tetraethylammonium (TEA; 10 mM), iberiotoxin (0.1 microM), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 10 microM), or glibenclamide (10 microM) rarely affected these relaxations. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |