| Name | serum cholinesterase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Acylcholine acylhydrolase; BCHE; BCHE protein; Butyrylcholine esterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; CHE1; Choline esterase II; Cholinesterase… |
| Name | malathion |
|---|---|
| CAS | diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]butanedioate |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7318795 | Hoffman DJ, Eastin WC Jr: Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity. Environ Res. 1981 Dec;26(2):472-85. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 17381678 | Mohammad FK, Alias AS, Faris GA, Al-Baggou BKh: Application of an electrometric method for measurement of blood cholinesterase activities in sheep, goats and cattle treated with organophosphate insecticides. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007 Apr;54(3):140-3. The animals were treated topically to control ectoparasites with malathion (0.05%) or diazinon (0.06%). |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 9478093 | Podolak M, Panasiuk L: Biological indicators for the assessment of human exposure to organophosphorous compounds. Przegl Lek. 1997;54(10):719-22. Cholinesterase activity in plasma and red blood cells was determined spectrophotometrically by the Ellman modified method. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 7245190 | Carricaburu P, Lacroix R, Lacroix J: Electroretinographic study of the white mouse intoxicated by organo- mevinphos and malathion. Toxicol Eur Res. 1981 Mar;3(2):87-91. Evidence is given that the organo-phosphates mevinphos and malathion perturb the retinal functioning of the white mouse by acting 1. directly on the photoreceptors; 2. by a synaptolytic effect due to the inhibition of cholinesterases; 3. likely by a damage of the bipolar and/or the ganglion neurones. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 15238287 | Eskenazi B, Harley K, Bradman A, Weltzien E, Jewell NP, Barr DB, Furlong CE, Holland NT: Association of in utero organophosphate pesticide exposure and fetal growth and length of gestation in an agricultural population. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jul;112(10):1116-24. However, we did find decreases in gestational duration associated with two measures of in utero pesticide exposure: urinary dimethyl metabolites [beta (adjusted) = -0.41 weeks per log10 unit increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.75 -- -0.02; p = 0.02], which reflect exposure to dimethyl organophosphate compounds such as malathion, and umbilical cord cholinesterase (beta (adjusted) = 0.34 weeks per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.13-0.55; p = 0.001). |
33(0,1,1,3) | Details |
| 17324631 | Vioque-Fernandez A, de Almeida EA, Lopez-Barea J: Esterases as pesticide biomarkers in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii, Crustacea): tissue distribution, sensitivity to model compounds and recovery from inactivation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 Apr;145(3):404-12. Epub 2007 Jan 30. The specific activities of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase were assayed in the digestive gland and in nervous and muscle tissues of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Carboxylesterase was inhibited by carbaryl and chlorpyrifos, but not by eserine and malathion. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 10602389 | Sams C, Mason HJ: Detoxification of organophosphates by A-esterases in human serum. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1999 Nov;18(11):653-8. Dose-effect inhibition of serum cholinesterase by the three OPs was measured in pooled human serum. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 12860061 | Souza da Silva R, Cognato Gde P, Vuaden FC, Rezende MF, Thiesen FV, Fauth Mda G, Bogo MR, Bonan CD, Dias RD: Different sensitivity of Ca (2+)-ATPase and cholinesterase to pure and commercial pesticides in nervous ganglia of Phyllocaulis soleiformis (Mollusca). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2003 Jun;135(2):215-20. Both enzymes were insensitive to pure carbofuran (1 mM), (1 mM) and malathion (120 microM). |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 6777420 | Basol MS, Eren S, Sadar MH: Comparative toxicity of some pesticides on human health and some aquatic species. J Environ Sci Health B. 1980;15(6):993-1004. Inhibition studies have been carried on the hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by cholinesterases taken from electric eel, human and horse serums by Sevin, Aldrin and Malathion. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 18227961 | Henson-Ramsey H, Kennedy-Stoskopf S, Levine JF, Taylor SK, Shea D, Stoskopf MK: Acute toxicity and tissue distributions of malathion in Ambystoma tigrinum. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008 Oct;55(3):481-7. Epub 2008 Jan 29. Brain cholinesterase activities in salamanders exposed to malathion-contaminated soil (50 microg/cm (2) or 100 microg/cm (2 ) malathion) were suppressed approximately 50-65% and 90%, respectively, compared to unexposed controls. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 11398695 | Lee P, Tai DY: Clinical features of patients with acute organophosphate poisoning requiring intensive care. Intensive Care Med. 2001 Apr;27(4):694-9. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical features of organophosphate poisoning (OPP), to evaluate the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score as an alternative index for measuring OPP severity, and to assess cholinesterase levels for predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). All cases were due to malathion poisoning. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 6921196 | Mackey CL: Anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning. Heart Lung. 1982 Sep-Oct;11(5):479-84. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 7077053 | Miller S, Shah MA: Cholinesterase activities of workers exposed to organophosphorus insecticides in Pakistan and Haiti and an evaluation of the tintometric method. J Environ Sci Health B. 1982;17(2):125-42. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 8212012 | Ward TR, Ferris DJ, Tilson HA, Mundy WR: Correlation of the anticholinesterase activity of a series of organophosphates with their ability to compete with agonist binding to muscarinic receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1993 Oct;122(2):300-7. Echothiophate and DFP were potent inhibitors of [3H] CD binding, as were the active "oxon" forms of parathion, malathion, and disulfoton. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 19301127 | Bernardo AA, Bicudo HE: Variability of esterase patterns in adult flies of the saltans species group of Drosophila (subgenus Sophophora). Genetica. 2009 Sep;137(1):111-24. Epub 2009 Mar 20. On the basis of the inhibition patterns using Malathion and eserine sulfate, 34 bands were classified as carboxylesterases, 14 as acethylesterases and three as cholinesterases. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 10632139 | Akgur SA, Ozturk P, Sozmen EY, Delen Y, Tanyalcin T, Ege B: Paraoxonase and acetylcholinesterase activities in humans exposed to organophosphorous compounds. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Dec 24;58(8):469-74. Both serum cholinesterase and PON1 activities were measured spectrophotometrically from 18 male agricultural workers who were chronically exposed to azinphos methyl, chlorpyriphos, or malathion and other pesticides during cereal spraying, transportation, and storage. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 8335887 | Abou Zeid MM, el-Barouty G, Abdel-Reheim E, Blancato J, Dary C, el-Sebae AH, Saleh MA: Malathion disposition in dermally and orally treated rats and its impact on the blood serum acetylcholine esterase and protein profile. J Environ Sci Health B. 1993 Aug;28(4):413-30. E. activity can be used as reliable criteria to detect acute toxicity of malathion and other choline-esterase inhibitors in exposed field workers. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 8049418 | Prozorovskii VB, Skopichev VG: [Morphologic changes of erythrocytes in mice and rats exposed to organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1993 Apr;115(4):443-5. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 12762645 | Cabello G, Juarranz A, Botella LM, Calaf GM: Organophosphorous pesticides in breast cancer progression. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol. 2003 Jan;35(1):1-9. Parathion and malathion, organophosphorous pesticides are cholinesterase inhibitors responsible for the hydrolysis of body esters, including at cholinergic synapses. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 2078826 | Poch G, Dittrich P, Reiffenstein RJ, Lenk W, Schuster A: Evaluation of experimental combined toxicity by use of dose-frequency curves: comparison with theoretical additivity as well as independence. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1990 Oct;68(10):1338-45. The insecticidal action of the cholinesterase inhibitors malathion and parathion appeared additive and significantly different from independent interaction. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 6631110 | El Sawaf BM, Rady MH: In situ inhibition of cholinesterase in Anopheles pharoensis and Culex pipiens by malathion and fenitrothion. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1983 Jun;13(1):43-7. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 16289700 | Abdel-Halim KY, Salama AK, El-Khateeb EN, Bakry NM: Organophosphorus pollutants (OPP) in aquatic environment at Damietta Governorate, Egypt: implications for monitoring and biomarker responses. Chemosphere. 2006 Jun;63(9):1491-8. Epub 2005 Nov 14. The obtained results are in parallel to that found in case of cholinesterase activity where the activity of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) was declined at these seasonal period. Chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, malathion, diazinon, pirimiphos-methyl and profenofos were detected in most samples. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 11453726 | Doorn JA, Talley TT, Thompson CM, Richardson RJ: Probing the active sites of butyrylcholinesterase and cholesterol esterase with isomalathion: conserved stereoselective inactivation of serine hydrolases structurally related to acetylcholinesterase. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Jul;14(7):807-13. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 6540280 | Balasubramanian MP, Dhandayuthapani S, Nellaiappan K, Ramalingam K: A comparative study on esterases from three species of Raillietina. J Helminthol. 1984 Jun;58(2):101-5. Based on the inhibitory effect of inhibitors p-CMB, EDTA, malathion, silver and eserine sulphate, the various esterases have been classified into arylesterase, carboxylesterase, acetylesterase and cholinesterase. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 1884807 | Ivashin VM, Chumakova OV, Bandazhevskii IuI, Oboznyi ND, Zakharchenko RG: [Cholinesterase activity and the rate of the maturation of the sensorimotor reflexes in the progeny of white rats administered carbophos during pregnancy]. Farmakol Toksikol. 1991 Mar-Apr;54(2):80-1. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11401758 | Cabello G, Valenzuela M, Vilaxa A, Duran V, Rudolph I, Hrepic N, Calaf G: A rat mammary tumor model induced by the organophosphorous pesticides parathion and malathion, possibly through acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 May;109(5):471-9. Eserine, parathion, and malathion are cholinesterase inhibitors responsible for the hydrolysis of body esters, including at cholinergic synapses. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 9080632 | Yamashita M, Yamashita M, Tanaka J, Ando Y: Human mortality in organophosphate poisonings. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1997 Apr;39(2):84-5. Fenitrothion, malathion, dichlorvos, trichlorfon and fenitrothion/malathion were the most frequent chemicals involved. About 3/4 of the severely serum cholinesterase-depressed cases needed ventilators. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9585096 | Mortensen SR, Hooper MJ, Padilla S: Rat brain acetylcholinesterase activity: developmental profile and maturational sensitivity to and organophosphorus inhibitors. Toxicology. 1998 Jan 16;125(1):13-9. A growing body of evidence indicates that young animals exhibit an increased susceptibility to the lethal effects of cholinesterase (ChE)-inhibiting insecticides. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1918869 | Yadava RL, Rao CK, Thapar BR, Narasimham MV: Blood Cholinesterase monitoring in spraymen involved in malathion spraying--a health protection measure. J Commun Dis. 1991 Mar;23(1):55-8. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 15250479 | Lal CS, Kumar V, Ranjan A, Das VN, Kumar N, Kishore K, Bhattacharya SK: Evaluation of cholinesterase level in an endemic population exposed to malathion suspension formulation as a vector control measure. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2004 Mar;99(2):219-21. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 3206954 | Menzikova OV: [The cholinesterase properties of Daphnia magna] . Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 1988 Jul-Aug;24(4):596-8. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 3935099 | Ehrich M, Driscoll C, Gross WB: Effect of dietary exposure to on resistance of young chickens to organophosphate pesticide challenge. Avian Dis. 1985 Jul-Sep;29(3):715-20. Activity of brain cholinesterase was significantly lower than control levels in all birds given this dose of malathion, with activities being 28% +/- 6, 21% +/- 2, and 15% +/- 2 of control values (Mean +/- standard error, N = 5) if fed 0, 1000, and 3000 ppb respectively. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 7156940 | Larsen KO, Hanel HK: Effect of exposure to organophosphorus compounds on S-cholinesterase in workers removing poisonous depots. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1982 Sep;8(3):222-6. Biological monitoring and the control of safety precautions against organophosphorus compounds (parathion, malathion, and methylparathion) was performed through the measurement of S-cholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.8) in personnel removing poisonous depots. |
9(0,0,1,4) | Details |
| 7338949 | Fleming WJ, Bradbury SP: Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1981 Nov-Dec;8(5-6):885-97. Oral doses of the organophosphorus pesticides acephate, dicrotophos, fensulfothion, fonofos, malathion, and parathion were administered to mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos), and brain and plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activities were determined for up to 17 d after dosing. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 6642106 | Costa LG, Murphy SD: Unidirectional cross-tolerance between the insecticide propoxur and the organophosphate disulfoton in mice. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1983 Sep-Oct;3(5):483-8. Cross-tolerance was evaluated by measuring acute toxicities, cholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibition and hypothermic and antinociceptive effects. The acute toxicity of the organophosphate malathion was also increased in disulfoton-tolerant mice. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8107298 | Yamanaka S, Yoshida M, Yamamura Y, Nishimura M, Takaesu Y: [A study on acute organophosphorus poisoning--changes in the activity and isoenzyme patterns of serum cholinesterase in human poisoning]. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1993 Dec;48(5):955-65. Fenitrothion, Malathion, Isoxathion, Pyridaphenthion and Trichlorfon, and studied on the changes in the activity and isoenzyme patterns of serum ChE after ingestion. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11601883 | Doorn JA, Schall M, Gage DA, Talley TT, Thompson CM, Richardson RJ: Identification of butyrylcholinesterase adducts after inhibition with isomalathion using mass spectrometry: difference in mechanism between (1R)- and (1S)-stereoisomers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2001 Oct 15;176(2):73-80. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15800032 | Moser VC, Casey M, Hamm A, Carter WH Jr, Simmons JE, Gennings C: Neurotoxicological and statistical analyses of a mixture of five organophosphorus pesticides using a ray design. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul;86(1):101-15. Epub 2005 Mar 30. In this study, we tested for interaction (s) in a mixture of five organophosphorus (OP) pesticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, acephate, and malathion). A series of behavioral measures were evaluated in adult male Long-Evans rats at the time of peak effect following a single oral dose, and then tissues were collected for measurement of cholinesterase (ChE) activity. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 3415898 | Perez Guillermo F, Martinez Pretel CM, Tarin Royo F, Pena Macias MJ, Alvarez Ossorio R, Alvarez Gomez JA, Vidal CJ: Prolonged suxamethonium-induced neuromuscular blockade associated with organophosphate poisoning. Br J Anaesth. 1988 Aug;61(2):233-6. The results indicated that the apnoea was a result of the low activity of plasma cholinesterase induced by Malathion. |
8(0,0,1,3) | Details |
| 7256362 | Areekul S, Srichairat S, Kirdudom P: Serum and red cell cholinesterase activity in people exposed to organophosphate insecticides. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1981 Mar;12(1):94-8. |
7(0,0,0,7) | Details |
| 16704049 | Scholz NL, Truelove NK, Labenia JS, Baldwin DH, Collier TK: Dose-additive inhibition of chinook salmon acetylcholinesterase activity by mixtures of organophosphate and insecticides. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 May;25(5):1200-7. Anticholinesterase insecticides commonly co-occur in the environment. We extracted AChE from the olfactory nervous system of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and investigated the inhibitory effects of organophosphates (the oxon derivatives of diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and malathion) and carbamates (carbaryl and carbofuran), alone and in two-way combinations. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 3341039 | Wallace KB, Herzberg U: Reactivation and aging of phosphorylated brain acetylcholinesterase from fish and rodents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Feb;92(2):307-14. Species-related differences in sensitivity to acute intoxication by anticholinesterase compounds have been attributed, in large part, to differences in the kinetics of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 6857660 | Casale GP, Cohen SD, DiCapua RA: The effects of organophosphate-induced cholinergic stimulation on the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in inbred mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Apr;68(2):198-205. The present study evaluated the relationship between the anticholinesterase action of parathion, malathion, and dichlorvos (DDVP) and their effects on the primary humoral response to SRC. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 2095780 | Matin MA, Sattar S, Husain K: Modification of malathion induced neurochemical changes by adrenalectomy in rats. Mol Chem Neuropathol. 1990 Aug-Oct;13(1-2):119-28. In malathion treated adrenalectomized animals, changes in the activities of cerebral cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase were still present; other changes were, however, abolished by adrenalectomy. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 3820777 | Shimada E, Yoshida M, Yamanaka S, Aoyama H, Yamamura Y: [Erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase activities on poisoning by disyston, fenitrothion and malathion] Sangyo Igaku. 1986 Sep;28(5):368-9. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 11137467 | Monserrat JM, Bianchini A: Methodological and biological aspects to be considered in acetylcholinesterase reactivation assays using 2-PAM. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;9(1-2):39-47. Kinetic and toxicological characteristics of fish (Odontesthes argentinensis) and crab (Callinectes sapidus) cholinesterases as well as methodological conditions to perform reactivation assays using 2- (2-PAM) were established. Enzyme inhibition induced by 2-PAM showed to mask subtle inhibition due to malathion, suggesting that a previous characterization of 2-PAM inhibition must be done before its use in reactivation assays. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10771584 | Nigg HN, Knaak JB: Blood cholinesterases as human biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2000;163:29-111. OPs possessing carboxylesters, such as malathion and isofenphos, are hydrolyzed by the direct action of 'B'-esterases (i.e., carboxylesterase, CaE). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11116342 | Brewer SK, Little EE, DeLonay AJ, Beauvais SL, Jones SB, Ellersieck MR: Behavioral dysfunctions correlate to altered physiology in rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) exposed to cholinesterase-inhibiting chemicals. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2001 Jan;40(1):70-6. Malathion-exposed fish exhibited large decreases in distance and speed and swam in a more linear path than control fish after 24 h exposure. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10479088 | Taylor SK, Williams ES, Mills KW: Effects of malathion on disease susceptibility in Woodhouse's toads. J Wildl Dis. 1999 Jul;35(3):536-41. Toads exposed to the high and low doses of malathion had a 22% and 17% decrease in brain cholinesterase levels, respectively, when they were compared to nonmalathion exposed toads (P < 0.025, P < 0.006). |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 18202811 | Henson-Ramsey H, Shea D, Levine JF, Kennedy-Stoskopf S, Taylor SK, Stoskopf MK: Assessment of the effect of varying soil organic matter content on the bioavailability of malathion to the common nightcrawler, Lumbricus terrestris L. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008 Mar;80(3):220-4. Epub 2008 Jan 19. Two different measures of bioavailability, malathion body burdens and tissue cholinesterase activities, were then measured in the malathion exposed animals. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 15389333 | Maul JD, Farris JL: Monitoring exposure of passerines to acephate, dicrotophos, and malathion using cholinesterase reactivation. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004 Oct;73(4):682-9. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 3814004 | Brown C, Gross WB, Ehrich M: Effects of social stress on the toxicity of malathion in young chickens. Avian Dis. 1986 Oct-Dec;30(4):679-82. They were then challenged orally with a toxic dose of the organophosphate insecticide malathion (250 mg/kg body weight) and evaluated 60 min later for muscarinic signs (diarrhea, lacrimation, respiratory secretions), nicotinic signs (muscle weakness), plasma cholinesterase activity, and brain acetylcholinesterase activity. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 6525997 | Awad OM: Molecular mechanism for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme by organophosphorothionates. Enzyme. 1984;32(4):193-200. The different mechanisms, whereby EPN and malathion inhibit the action of cholinesterase on are described. |
162(2,2,2,2) | Details |
| 7481747 | Johnston G: The study of interactive effects of pollutants: a biomarker approach. Sci Total Environ. 1995 Oct 27;171(1-3):205-12. Pigeons (Columba livia) given 180 or 90 mg/kg prochloraz showed greater inhibition of BuChE activity following malathion administration than did control birds. |
114(1,2,2,4) | Details |
| 2714804 | Chaturvedi AK, Singh G, Rao NG, Parker TM: Toxicological evaluation of a poisoning attributed to ingestion of malathion insect spray and correlation with in vitro inhibition of cholinesterases. Hum Toxicol. 1989 Jan;8(1):11-8. |
112(1,2,2,2) | Details |
| 17364237 | Ahmed M, Rocha JB, Mazzanti CM, Morsch AL, Cargnelutti D, Correa M, Loro V, Morsch VM, Schetinger MR: Malathion, carbofuran and paraquat inhibit Bungarus sindanus (krait) venom acetylcholinesterase and human serum butyrylcholinesterase in vitro. Ecotoxicology. 2007 May;16(4):363-9. Epub 2007 Mar 16. |
89(1,1,2,4) | Details |
| 6192835 | Dagli AJ, Shaikh WA: Pancreatic involvement in malathion--anticholinesterase insecticide intoxication. Br J Clin Pract. 1983 Jul-Aug;37(7-8):270-2. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 3920978 | de Llamas MC, de Castro AC, Pechen de D'Angelo AM: Cholinesterase activities in developing amphibian embryos following exposure to the insecticides dieldrin and malathion. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 Mar;14(2):161-6. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 3814870 | Kucera E: Brain cholinesterase activity in birds after a city-wide aerial application of malathion. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1987 Mar;38(3):456-60. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 14984701 | Abdollahi M, Mostafalou S, Pournourmohammadi S, Shadnia S: Oxidative stress and cholinesterase inhibition in saliva and plasma of rats following subchronic exposure to malathion. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 Jan;137(1):29-34. |
87(1,1,2,2) | Details |
| 18247417 | Aker WG, Hu X, Wang P, Hwang HM: Comparing the relative toxicity of malathion and malaoxon in blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus. Environ Toxicol. 2008 Aug;23(4):548-54. This capability requires that malathion should first be converted to malaoxon to become an active anticholinesterase agent. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 6657721 | Francesconi R, Hubbard R, Mager M: Malathion administration: effects on physiological and physical performance in the heat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Dec;19(6):1031-5. To determine the effects of low-dosage organophosphate administration on exercise in a hot environment, malathion (7.5 mg/day, 4 days) was administered IP to rats, and effected a 35% (p less than 0.01) reduction in plasma cholinesterase levels. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 4049416 | Bartholomew PM, Gianutsos G, Cohen SD: Differential cholinesterase inhibition and muscarinic receptor changes in CD-1 mice made tolerant to malathion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Oct;81(1):147-55. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 10787107 | Krieger RI, Dinoff TM: Malathion deposition, metabolite clearance, and cholinesterase status of date dusters and harvesters in California. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2000 May;38(4):546-53. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18617161 | Jun D, Musilova L, Kuca K, Kassa J, Bajgar J: Potency of several oximes to reactivate human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibited by paraoxon in vitro. Chem Biol Interact. 2008 Sep 25;175(1-3):421-4. Epub 2008 May 7. Organophosphorus pesticides (e.g. chlorpyrifos, malathion, and parathion) and nerve agents (sarin, tabun, and VX) are highly toxic organophosphorus compounds with strong inhibition potency against two key enzymes in the human body-acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; EC 3.1.1.8). |
35(0,1,1,5) | Details |
| 8295230 | Uehara S, Hiromori T, Isobe N, Suzuki T, Kato T, Miyamoto J: Studies on the therapeutic effect of 2- methiodide (2-PAM) in mammals following organophosphorus compound-poisoning (report III): distribution and antidotal effect of 2-PAM in rats. J Toxicol Sci. 1993 Nov;18(4):265-75. Intramedullary administration of 2-PAM to rats poisoned with fenitrothion or malathion enabled their survival and induced reactivation of brain cholinesterase. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 2417385 | Cohen SD, Williams RA, Killinger JM, Freudenthal RI: Comparative sensitivity of bovine and rodent acetylcholinesterase to in vitro inhibition by organophosphate insecticides. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Dec;81(3 Pt 1):452-9. Biochemical studies were conducted to compare the in vitro sensitivities of bovine and rodent brain and erythrocyte cholinesterases to inhibition by Dyfonate-oxon, paraoxon, and malaoxon. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18814961 | Lasram MM, Annabi AB, El Elj N, Selmi S, Kamoun A, El-Fazaa S, Gharbi N: Metabolic disorders of acute exposure to malathion in adult Wistar rats. J Hazard Mater. 2009 Apr 30;163(2-3):1052-5. Epub 2008 Jul 23. Glucidic and lipidic status were analyzed in plasma, cholinesterase activities were also determined. |
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| 16611628 | Moser VC, Simmons JE, Gennings C: Neurotoxicological interactions of a five-pesticide mixture in preweanling rats. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):235-45. Epub 2006 Apr 11. We have conducted interaction studies using a mixture of five organophosphorus (OP) pesticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, acephate, and malathion) in both adult (published previously) and preweanling rats using a fixed-ratio ray design. In the present study, cholinesterase inhibition and behavioral changes (motor activity, gait, and tail-pinch response) were measured in 17-day-old Long-Evans male rats following acute exposure to the OPs. |
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| 16502087 | Galego LG, Ceron CR, Carareto CM: Characterization of esterases in a Brazilian population of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Genetica. 2006 Jan;126(1-2):89-99. Biochemical tests using alpha- and beta-naphthyl and the inhibitors malathion, eserine sulphate and PMSF allowed us to classify EST-2 and EST-5 as beta-esterases, both carboxyl-esterases, and EST-1, EST-3, EST-4 and EST-6 as alpha-esterases. EST-1 and EST-3 were classified as carboxyl-esterases and EST-4 and EST-6 as cholinesterases. |
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| 7713347 | Ehrich M, Jortner BS, Padilla S: Comparison of the relative inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and neuropathy target esterase in rats and hens given cholinesterase inhibitors. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Jan;24(1):94-101. Ratios of NTE/AChE inhibition in hen spinal cord, averaged over the doses used, were 2.6 after TOTP, 5.2 after PSP, 1.3 after mipafox, and 0.9 after DFP, which contrast with 0.53 after dichlorvos, 1.0 after malathion, and 0.46 after carbaryl. |
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| 1421264 | Myshkin VA, Vakarina AF, Bashkatov SA, Sofronov GA, Enikeev DA: [Post-intoxication hypothermia and processes of free radical lipid peroxidation in the rat brain and heart in organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1992 May;113(5):493-4. The activity of lipid peroxidation (LP) of the brain and myocardium as well as the intensity of the body hypothermia during 30 days after a single introduction of poisons at a dose < D50 were studied on the models of induced toxicosis in rats due to two organophosphorus compounds (malathion and armin). |
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| 8292752 | Berkman CE, Quinn DA, Thompson CM: Interaction of acetylcholinesterase with the enantiomers of malaoxon and isomalathion. Chem Res Toxicol. 1993 Sep-Oct;6(5):724-30. The biomolecular reaction constants (ki), dissociation constants (Kd), and phosphorylation constants (kp) were determined for the enantiomers of malaoxon against rat brain acetylcholinesterase, and for the stereoisomers of isomalathion against rat brain acetylcholinesterase and electric eel acetylcholinesterase. (R)-Malaoxon was an 8.6-fold more potent anti-cholinesterase than (S)-malaoxon. |
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| 15550276 | Bonfanti P, Colombo A, Orsi F, Nizzetto I, Andrioletti M, Bacchetta R, Mantecca P, Fascio U, Vailati G, Vismara C: Comparative teratogenicity of chlorpyrifos and malathion on Xenopus laevis development. Aquat Toxicol. 2004 Dec 10;70(3):189-200. The teratogenic effects of these anti-cholinesterase compounds on Xenopus laevis myogenesis suggest a possible role played by OPs on induction of congenital muscular dystrophy. |
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| 3874716 | Warren M, Spencer HC, Churchill FC, Francois VJ, Hippolyte R, Staiger MA: Assessment of exposure to organophosphate insecticides during spraying in Haiti: monitoring of urinary metabolites and blood cholinesterase levels. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(2):353-60. |
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| 1527357 | Zayed SM, Farghaly M, Mostafa IY: Bioavailability to rats and toxicological potential in mice of bound residues of malathion in beans. J Environ Sci Health B. 1992 Aug;27(4):341-6. Feeding of bound residues to mice (1.8 ppm in feed) for 90 days resulted in a reduction in body weight gain after 60 days and inhibition of erythrocyte cholinesterase activity after 90 days. |
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| 15371233 | Padilla S, Sung HJ, Moser VC: Further assessment of an in vitro screen that may help identify organophosphorus pesticides that are more acutely toxic to the young. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Sep 24;67(18):1477-89. We have now extended these observations to two other pesticides that have already been shown in the literature to be more toxic to the young: parathion (paraoxon) and malathion (malaoxon). From these results, we predicted that young animals would be more sensitive to diazinon, which, in fact, was the case: When postnatal day (PND) 17 or adult rats were given a dosage of 75 mg/kg diazinon, adult brain cholinesterase (ChE) was only inhibited 38%, while the brain ChE in the PND 17 animals showed much more inhibition (75%). |
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| 3612901 | Lyon J, Taylor H, Ackerman B: A case report of intravenous malathion injection with determination of serum half-life. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1987;25(3):243-9. Serum pseudocholinesterase (PChE) levels were undetectable for 24 hours post injection and increased to 9 IU/mL (normal 7-19) at 7 days. |
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| 2430350 | Kashyap SK: Health surveillance and biological monitoring of pesticide formulators in India. Toxicol Lett. 1986 Oct;33(1-3):107-14. Exposure of 160 workers to a combination of pesticides (malathion, parathion, DDT and HCH) resulted in 73% of the workers showing toxic signs and symptoms. Formulators showed marked inhibition of whole blood, plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase (ChE) activity and slightly higher concentrations of DDT and HCH in serum. |
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| 12583695 | Bentur Y, Raikhlin-Eisenkraft B, Singer P: Beneficial late administration of obidoxime in malathion poisoning. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2003 Feb;45(1):33-5. After 10 d cholinesterase was still low and liver enzymes were elevated. |
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| 2588705 | Goedicke HJ, Hermes H, Wagner R: [Exposure to residues on plant surfaces following the use of plant pesticides in the greenhouse]. Z Gesamte Hyg. 1989 Sep;35(9):531-3. Initial residues on the surface of cucumber, tomato and ornamental plants, and half-life periods for residue degradation are outlined for carbendazim, dimethoate, fenazox, malathion, methamidophos and pirimiphos-methyl. Residues on plants, concentration in the air, dermal exposition, and inhibition of serum choline esterase activity are shown for methamidophos and aldicarb, respective reentry times being discussed. |
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| 6149865 | Fontan A, Zerba E: Integumental esteratic activity in Triatoma infestans and its contribution to the degradation of organophosphorus insecticides. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1984;79(1):183-8. Integumental esterases were characterized as carboxylesterases, butyrylcholinesterases and aryl plus acetylesterases by using eserine and paraoxon as inhibitors and acetylthiocholine, butyrylthiocholine and phenylthioacetate as substrates. Hydrolysis of the carboxyester linkage by malathion was established and cleavage of the P-S-C bond by parathion. |
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| 11286337 | Bachmann TT, Leca B, Vilatte F, Marty JL, Fournier D, Schmid RD: Improved multianalyte detection of organophosphates and carbamates with disposable multielectrode biosensors using recombinant mutants of Drosophila acetylcholinesterase and artificial neural networks. Biosens Bioelectron. 2000 Jun;15(3-4):193-201. Engineered variants of Drosophila melanogaster acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were used as biological receptors of AChE-multisensors for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of binary mixtures of cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides. |
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| 4078686 | Wecker L, Mrak RE, Dettbarn WD: Evidence of necrosis in human intercostal muscle following inhalation of an organophosphate insecticide. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1985 Nov-Dec;6(2):171-5. Intercostal muscle samples obtained from autopsy of a 51 year old male, exposed to an organophosphate insecticide by inhalation, were analyzed for cholinesterase (ChE) activity and muscle fiber integrity. |
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| 8975790 | Rodriguez OP, Muth GW, Berkman CE, Kim K, Thompson CM: Inhibition of various cholinesterases with the enantiomers of malaoxon. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1997 Feb;58(2):171-6. |
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| 3188779 | Kolesnichenko IP, Buchko VM, Vladeeva NV: [Clinico-morphologic and histochemical changes in the neuromuscular apparatus in acute carbophos poisoning]. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 1988;88(7):76-80. Clinical analysis of 378 acute cases of Malathion insecticide intoxication and pathological and histochemical investigation of skeletal muscles in 7 autopsied victims of acute poisoning have revealed the pronounced neuromuscular disorders. Multiple foci of muscular fibers necrosis and necrobiosis were found with intermuscular nerves and motor endings degenerated, neuromuscular junctions cholinesterase sharply inactivated. |
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| 538451 | Drevenkar V, Frobe Z, Vasilic Z, Tkalcevic B, Stefanac Z: The rate of urinary excretion of phosalone residues in occupationally exposed persons. Sci Total Environ. 1979 Dec;13(3):235-43. The absorption of malathion and phosalone was followed in occupationally exposed workers by determination of residues excreted in the urine. Blood and plasma cholinesterase activities were only slightly reduced during exposure. |
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| 8204314 | Dive A, Mahieu P, Van Binst R, Hassoun A, Lison D, De Bisschop H, Nemery B, Lauwerys R: Unusual manifestations after malathion poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1994 Apr;13(4):271-4. They occurred when erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterases were reactivating. |
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| 1527358 | Syed MA, Arshad JH, Mat S: Biological activity and bioavailability of grain bound 14C-malathion residues in rats. J Environ Sci Health B. 1992 Aug;27(4):347-54. Plasma and RBC cholinesterase activities were slightly inhibited: blood urea was significantly elevated in the test animals. |
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| 2271146 | Tran-Minh C, Pandey PC, Kumaran S: Studies on sensor and its analytical application based on the inhibition of cholinesterase. Biosens Bioelectron. 1990;5(6):461-71. The detection limits for the and ion are found to be 10 (-5) M whereas for paraoxon, methyl parathion and malathion are found to be 10 (-9) M and 10 (-10) M. |
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| 7338954 | Nishio A, Uyeki EM: Induction of sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells by organophosphate insecticides and their analogs. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1981 Nov-Dec;8(5-6):939-46. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells by 10 anticholinesterase organophosphate insecticides was investigated. The insecticides were two phosphates (dichlorvos and dicrotophos), four -containing organophosphates (malathion, parathion, leptophos, and diazinon), and four analogs of the latter (malaoxon, paraoxon, leptophosoxon, and diazoxon). |
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| 2396286 | Dagaev VN, Iskandarov AI, Luzhnikov EA, Gorin EE, Lisovikh ZhA, El'kov AN: [Expert criteria of the degree of severity of the chemical trauma in acute poisonings by organophosphate insecticides]. Sud Med Ekspert. 1990 Apr-Jun;33(2):28-30. Standard diagrams were plotted which help to assess the life threatening values of the given compounds depending on the initial blood poison level or recorded decrease in enzyme cholinesterase activity. |
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| 16914134 | Edwards JW, Lee SG, Heath LM, Pisaniello DL: Worker exposure and a risk assessment of malathion and fenthion used in the control of Mediterranean fruit fly in South Australia. Environ Res. 2007 Jan;103(1):38-45. Epub 2006 Aug 17. |
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| 10509428 | al-Qarawi AA, Mahmoud OM, Haroun EM, Sobaih MA, Adam SE: Comparative effects of diazinon and malathion in Najdi sheep. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1999 Oct;41(5):287-9. |
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| 9626537 | Walker CH: The use of biomarkers to measure the interactive effects of chemicals. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1998 May-Jun;40(1-2):65-70. The interactive effects of mixtures of pesticides in the field are starting to be investigated by this approach (e.g., a recent study of the combined action of malathion and prochloraz in the red-legged partridge). |
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| 10421486 | Vasilic Z, Stengl B, Drevenkar V: Dimethylphosphorus metabolites in serum and urine of persons poisoned by malathion or thiometon. Chem Biol Interact. 1999 May 14;119-120:479-87. |
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| 12755471 | Akhgari M, Abdollahi M, Kebryaeezadeh A, Hosseini R, Sabzevari O: Biochemical evidence for free radical-induced lipid peroxidation as a mechanism for subchronic toxicity of malathion in blood and liver of rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003 Apr;22(4):205-11. However, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinesterase (ChE) activities were decreased in these samples. |
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| 17107865 | Barr DB, Angerer J: Potential uses of biomonitoring data: a case study using the organophosphorus pesticides chlorpyrifos and malathion. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Nov;114(11):1763-9. For assessing early effects and susceptibility, cholinesterase and microsomal esterase activities, respectively, have been measured. |
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| 1900004 | Caballero de Castro AC, Rosenbaum EA, Pechen de D'Angelo AM: Effect of malathion on Bufo arenarum Hensel development--I. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Feb 15;41(4):491-5. Continuous exposure depressed acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) and carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1) activities. |
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| 7154146 | Nasir SM, Ahmad N, Shah MA, Azam CM: A large-scale evaluation of pirimiphos-methyl 25% WP during 1980-1981 for malaria control in Pakistan. J Trop Med Hyg. 1982 Dec;85(6):239-44. The emergence of strains of malaria vectors resistant to malathion in an area of Pakistan, and the continuing search for improved methods of control, necessitated the examination of alternative safe insecticides, with improved residual effects, for future use in the Malaria Control Programme in Pakistan. |
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| 12583686 | Al-Qarawi AA, Adam SE: Effects of malathion plus superphosphate or urea on Najdi sheep. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2003 Feb;45(1):3-6. |
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| 3493228 | Rodgers KE, Imamura T, Devens BH: Organophosphorus pesticide immunotoxicity: effects of O,O,S-trimethyl phosphorothioate on cellular and humoral immune response systems. Immunopharmacology. 1986 Dec;12(3):193-202. The time course of immunosuppression induced by acute treatment with O,O,S-trimethyl phosphorothioate (OOS-TMP), an impurity in technical formulations of malathion, was examined in female C57B1/6 mice. |
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| 7237968 | Hassan RM, Pesce AJ, Sheng P, Hanenson IB: Correlation of serum pseudocholinesterase and clinical course in two patients poisoned with organophosphate insecticides. Clin Toxicol. 1981 Apr;18(4):401-6. |
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| 8448346 | Berkman CE, Ryu S, Quinn DA, Thompson CM: Kinetics of the postinhibitory reactions of acetylcholinesterase poisoned by chiral isomalathion: a surprising nonreactivation induced by the RP stereoisomers. Chem Res Toxicol. 1993 Jan-Feb;6(1):28-32. Inhibitory (ki), spontaneous (k0), and oxime-mediated reactivation (k (oxime)) reaction kinetics for the four stereoisomers of isomalathion (SPRC,SPSC,RPRC, and RPSC) were determined against rat brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE). (SPRC)-Isomalathion was the most potent anticholinesterase agent and RPSC-isomalathion the least potent with racemic material approximately midway in activity. |
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| 12191866 | Cocker J, Mason HJ, Garfitt SJ, Jones K: Biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Aug 5;134(1-3):97-103. Additionally, we have conducted studies of non-occupational exposure and human volunteer studies looking at the kinetics of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, diazinon and malathion. |
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| 10220078 | Lifshitz M, Shahak E, Sofer S: and organophosphate poisoning in young children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1999 Apr;15(2):102-3. The agents were identified as methomyl or aldicarb, and the organophosphate as parathion, fenthion, malathion, and diazinon. |
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| 19663108 | Idriss S, Levitt J: Malathion for head lice and scabies: treatment and safety considerations. J Drugs Dermatol. 2009 Aug;8(8):715-20. |
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| 12505439 | Hazarika A, Sarkar SN, Hajare S, Kataria M, Malik JK: Influence of malathion pretreatment on the toxicity of anilofos in male rats: a biochemical interaction study. Toxicology. 2003 Mar 14;185(1-2):1-8. |
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| 6502737 | Gupta RC: Acute malathion toxicosis and related enzymatic alterations in Bubalus bubalis: antidotal treatment with atropine, 2-PAM, and diazepam. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1984;14(2-3):291-303. Blood cholinesterase and aminotransferases activities were monitored at various times. |
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| 8693683 | Tsatsakis AM, Aguridakis P, Michalodimitrakis MN, Tsakalov AK, Alegakis AK, Koumantakis E, Troulakis G: Experiences with acute organophosphate poisonings in Crete. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1996 Apr;38(2):101-7. Significant fluctuations of the plasma cholinesterase activity were observed during therapy. Considerable pesticide was measured in testis (eg 5.8 micrograms fenthion/g, 0.8 micrograms methidathion/g) and uterus (170.5 micrograms malathion/g). |
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| 6620420 | Gupta RC, Welsch F, Thornburg JE, Paul BS: Effect of chloramphenicol pretreatment on malathion-induced acute toxicity in the rat. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Apr-Jun;11(4-6):897-905. Pretreatment with CAP also decreased the extent and duration of MTH-induced inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE). |
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| 6470929 | Matsubara T, Horikoshi I: Spontaneous reactivation of mouse plasma cholinesterase after inhibition by various organophosphorus compounds. J Pharmacobiodyn. 1984 May;7(5):322-8. The remarkable spontaneous reactivations during storage at 24 degrees C were observed in plasma ChE prepared 30 min after oral administration of three O,O-dimethyl organophosphorus compounds, i.e. malathion, methylparathion and cyanox; while the spontaneous reactivation did not occur after inhibition by tolclofos-methyl, one of O,O-dimethyl organophosphorus compounds. |
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| 6968357 | Hall RJ, Kolbe E: Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1980 Jul;6(4):853-60. Frogs are resistant to cholinesterase inhibitors; thus it was suspected that they might accumulate the pesticides. Dicrotophos, malathion, and acephate were not accumulated to levels such that they were lethal when consumed in a single meal by ducks. |
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| 7871535 | Ronis MJ, Badger TM: Toxic interactions between fungicides that inhibit biosynthesis and phosphorothioate insecticides in the male rat and bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;130(2):221-8. The potential for toxic interactions between biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides (EBIFs), used in U.S. agriculture or clinically, and phosphorothioate insecticides was assessed in adult male rats and adult male bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) by measuring inhibition of plasma butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) following fungicide and insecticide treatment. Forty-eight hours following the final dose, a single bolus of parathion (0.4 mg/kg in corn oil) or malathion (150 mg/kg in corn oil) or corn oil alone was given po. |
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| 19949736 | Kang EJ, Seok SJ, Lee KH, Gil HW, Yang JO, Lee EY, Hong SY: Factors for determining survival in acute organophosphate poisoning. Korean J Intern Med. 2009 Dec;24(4):362-7. Epub 2009 Nov 27. The mortality was 0% for dichlorvos, malathion, chlorpyrifos and profenofos. We investigated patient survival according to initial parameters, including the initial Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, serum cholinesterase level, and hemoperfusion and evaluated the mortality according to organophosphate types. |
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| 15081274 | Vidair CA: Age dependence of organophosphate and neurotoxicity in the postnatal rat: extrapolation to the human. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Apr 15;196(2):287-302. Because these compounds probably exert their effects through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the above question can be narrowed to whether the cholinesterase inhibition and neurotoxicity they produce is age-dependent, both in terms of the effects produced and potency. Four pesticides were tested in rat pups in their third postnatal week: aldicarb, chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methamidophos. |
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| 19784758 | Umbright C, Sellamuthu R, Li S, Kashon M, Luster M, Joseph P: Blood gene expression markers to detect and distinguish target organ toxicity. Mol Cell Biochem. 2010 Feb;335(1-2):223-34. Epub 2009 Sep 26. Similarly, administration of methyl parathion (MP) resulted in neurotoxicity in the rats as evidenced from the inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity in their blood. The ability of the marker genes to detect hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity was further confirmed using the blood samples of rats administered additional hepatotoxic (thioacetamide, dimethylnitrobenzene, and carbon tetrachloride) or (ethyl parathion and malathion) chemicals. |
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| 18722984 | Rezg R, Mornagui B, El-Fazaa S, Gharbi N: Biochemical evaluation of hepatic damage in subchronic exposure to malathion in rats: effect on superoxide dismutase and catalase activities using native PAGE. C R Biol. 2008 Sep;331(9):655-62. Epub 2008 Jul 3. The serum activities of Pseudocholinesterase (PchE), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were determined. |
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| 11762673 | Dribben WH, Kirk MA: Organ procurement and successful transplantation after malathion poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2001;39(6):633-6. Initial plasma cholinesterase was 1433 IU/L (normal 7500-14,600). |
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| 17218044 | Sparling DW, Fellers G: Comparative toxicity of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and their oxon derivatives to larval Rana boylii. Environ Pollut. 2007 Jun;147(3):535-9. Epub 2007 Jan 9. They deactivate cholinesterase, resulting in neurological dysfunction. |
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| 2083364 | Zatsepin EP, Churaev NN, Uspenskaia TA, Tirzit GD, Dubur GIa: [Action of antioxidants on membrane-toxic effects of anticholinesterase agents]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1990 Dec;110(12):623-4. It was found therapeutic-preventive effectiveness of antioxidants (1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives) at poisoning with malathion insecticide. |
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| 15180375 | Printes LB, Callaghan A: A comparative study on the relationship between acetylcholinesterase activity and acute toxicity in Daphnia magna exposed to anticholinesterase insecticides. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2004 May;23(5):1241-7. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured in Daphnia magna that had been exposed to four organophosphates (OPs; parathion, chlorpyrifos, malathion, and acephate) and one (propoxur) for 48 h. |
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| 8897085 | Futagami K, Tanaka N, Nishimura M, Tateishi H, Aoyama T, Oishi R: Relapse and elevation of blood urea in acute fenitrothion and malathion poisoning. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Oct;34(10):453-6. In addition, erythrocyte cholinesterase (EChE) activities were more helpful to diagnose the development of relapse than plasma cholinesterase activities. |
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| 10696924 | Sudakin DL, Mullins ME, Horowitz BZ, Abshier V, Letzig L: Intermediate syndrome after malathion ingestion despite continuous infusion of pralidoxime. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2000;38(1):47-50. Prolonged depression of plasma and red blood cell cholinesterases were documented. |
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| 17418356 | Rafai MA, Boulaajaj FZ, Bourezgui M, Charra B, Otmani HE, Benslama A, Motaouakkil S, Slassi I: [Clinical and electrophysiological aspects of acute organophosphate intoxication]. Neurophysiol Clin. 2007 Jan-Mar;37(1):35-9. Epub 2007 Feb 9. They cause extensive muscular paralysis by acetyl cholinesterase activity inhibition at the neuromuscular junction level. OBSERVATION: A 28-year-old woman was admitted to the medical intensive care unit for Malathion acute intoxication with signs of glandular hypersecretion, complicated tetraparesis, and respiratory distress. |
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| 17582755 | Luckarift HR, Greenwald R, Bergin MH, Spain JC, Johnson GR: Biosensor system for continuous monitoring of organophosphate aerosols. Biosens Bioelectron. 2007 Oct 31;23(3):400-6. Epub 2007 May 6. The enzymes butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) are stabilized by encapsulation in biomimetic nanoparticles, entrained within a packed bed column. The system proved suitable for detection of a range of organophosphates including paraoxon, demeton-S and malathion. |
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| 17698511 | Li H, Schopfer LM, Nachon F, Froment MT, Masson P, Lockridge O: Aging pathways for organophosphate-inhibited human butyrylcholinesterase, including novel pathways for isomalathion, resolved by mass spectrometry. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Nov;100(1):136-45. Epub 2007 Aug 13. |
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| 11990758 | Nascimento AP, de Campos BH: Esterase patterns and phylogenetic relationships of Drosophila species in the saltans subgroup (saltans group). Genetica. 2002;114(1):41-51. Malathion, Eserine and pCMB were used as inhibitors in order to characterize biochemically the esterases. The results indicated the presence of cholinesterases, carboxylesterases and acetylesterases. |
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| 7747323 | Bouma MJ, Nesbit R: Fenitrothion intoxication during spraying operations in the malaria programme for Afghan refugees in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(1):12-4. During the experimental use of fenitrothion to replace malathion for the control of malaria in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, serious intoxication of Afghan refugee spraymen occurred. A few weeks after commencement of the spraying operations, cholinesterase levels had fallen to 43.8% in personnel mixing the insecticide, and to 60.7% in spraymen, as measured by tintometry. |
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| 8493970 | Zivot U, Castorena JL, Garriott JC: A case of fatal ingestion of malathion. . Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1993 Mar;14(1):51-3. Her plasma cholinesterase (ChE) level remained low, her course progressively deteriorated with respiratory and renal failure, and she died 12 days after hospital admission. |
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| 9511154 | Prozorovskii VB, Skopichev VG, Ardab'eba TV, Panov PB: [Erythrocyte structural changes as a possible reason for the low effectiveness of specific therapy for carbophos poisoning]. Morfologiia. 1997;112(6):60-4. Supposedly, obstruction of the smallest vessels with conglomerations is one of the reasons of exotoxic shock development and low efficiency of treatment of carbophos poisoning by means of specific antidotal cholinolytic drugs and cholinesterase reactivators. |
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| 1527355 | Akay MT, Elcuman A, Nurcan M, Kolankaya D, Yilmazoglu G: Bioavailability and toxicological potential of lentil-bound residues of malathion in rats. J Environ Sci Health B. 1992 Aug;27(4):325-40. A significant reduction in serum cholinesterase activity and an increase in blood urea and in white cell count suggest a toxocological potential of the bound residues. |
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| 16257396 | Aluigi MG, Angelini C, Falugi C, Fossa R, Genever P, Gallus L, Layer PG, Prestipino G, Rakonczay Z, Sgro M, Thielecke H, Trombino S: Interaction between organophosphate compounds and cholinergic functions during development. Chem Biol Interact. 2005 Dec 15;157-158:305-16. Epub 2005 Oct 28. Organophosphate (OP) compounds exert inhibition on cholinesterase (ChE) activity by irreversibly binding to the catalytic site of the enzymes. The chosen organophosphates were the ones mainly used in Europe: diazinon, chlorpyriphos, malathion, and phentoate, all of them belonging to the thionophosphate chemical class. |
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| 10207609 | Worek F, Diepold C, Eyer P: Dimethylphosphoryl-inhibited human cholinesterases: inhibition, reactivation, and aging kinetics. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Feb;73(1):7-14. Human poisoning by organophosphates bearing two methoxy groups, e.g. by malathion, paraoxon-methyl, dimethoate and oxydemeton-methyl, is generally considered to be rather resistant to oxime therapy. |
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