Protein Information

Name ubiquinone reductase
Synonyms B13; CI 13KD B; Complex I subunit B13; Complex I 13kD B; NADH Ubiquinone oxidoreductase 1 alpha subcomplex 5; NADH Ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5; NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase 13 kDa B subunit…

Compound Information

Name rotenone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
39543 Takeshige K, Minakami S: NADH- and NADPH-dependent formation of superoxide anions by bovine heart submitochondrial particles and NADH-ubiquinone reductase preparation. Biochem J. 1979 Apr 15;180(1):129-35.

The reaction was inhibited by treatment of the preparation with p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and stimulated by treatment with rotenone.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15465329 Andreani A, Granaiola M, Leoni A, Locatelli A, Morigi R, Rambaldi M, Recanatini M, Lenaz G, Fato R, Bergamini C: Effects of new ubiquinone-imidazo [2,1-b] thiazoles on mitochondrial complex I (NADH-ubiquinone reductase) and on mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Nov 1;12(21):5525-32.

Moreover the low rotenone sensitivity for almost all of these compounds suggests that they are only partially able to interact with the physiological ubiquinone-reduction site.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
195520 Cadenas E, Boveris A, Ragan CI, Stoppani AO: Production of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by NADH-ubiquinone reductase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase from beef-heart mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1977 Apr 30;180(2):248-57.

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3134033 Filser M, Werner S: Pethidine analogues, a novel class of potent inhibitors of mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone reductase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Jul 1;37(13):2551-8.

Dose-response curves revealed that the potency of these compounds is very comparable to that of the standard probe rotenone.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9230920 Zharova TV, Vinogradov AD: A competitive inhibition of the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) by ADP-ribose. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Jul 4;1320(3):256-64.

Ki for inhibition of the rotenone-sensitive NADH oxidase in SMP by ADPR does not depend on delta mu H+.
The results obtained are consistent with the proposal on different nucleotide-binding sites operating in the direct and reverse reactions catalyzed by the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6294105 Suzuki H, King TE: Evidence of an ubisemiquinone radical (s) from the NADH-ubiquinone reductase of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jan 10;258(1):352-8.

The radical was virtually abolished by adding rotenone, whereas rotenone had no effect on the reduction of FMN by NADH.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2871147 Sugiyama Y, Fujita T, Matsumoto M, Okamoto K, Imada I: Effects of idebenone (CV-2619) and its metabolites on respiratory activity and lipid peroxidation in brain mitochondria from rats and dogs. J Pharmacobiodyn. 1985 Dec;8(12):1006-17.


These facts and results of inhibitor analysis suggest that the action site of CV-2619 is NADH-linked complex I in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and is different from that of inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation such as rotenone, oligomycin and 2,4-dinitrophenol.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
14665431 Feldkamp T, Kribben A, Roeser NF, Senter RA, Kemner S, Venkatachalam MA, Nissim I, Weinberg JM: Preservation of complex I function during hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial injury in proximal tubules. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2004 Apr;286(4):F749-59. Epub 2003 Dec 9.


During titration of complex I activity with rotenone, progressive reduction of NAD+ to NADH was detected at > 20% complex I inhibition, but substantial decreases in ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential did not occur until > 70% inhibition.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
7925463 Ueno H, Miyoshi H, Ebisui K, Iwamura H: Comparison of the inhibitory action of natural rotenone and its stereoisomers with various NADH-ubiquinone reductases. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Oct 1;225(1):411-7.

Rotenone and 5'beta-epirotenone inhibited the NADH-ubiquinone reductase of bovine heart SMP in a noncompetitive manner against exogenous quinones.
113(1,2,2,3) Details
8226801 Ohtsuka T, Nishijima M, Suzuki K, Akamatsu Y: Mitochondrial dysfunction of a cultured Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant deficient in cardiolipin. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 25;268(30):22914-9.

Of the respiratory chain complexes, rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone reductase (Complex I) was most severely impaired in the mutant, whereas its activity was restored in a revertant of the mutant that had regained the ability to synthesize CL.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
9131045 Grivennikova VG, Maklashina EO, Gavrikova EV, Vinogradov AD: Interaction of the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase with rotenone as related to the enzyme active/inactive transition. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 11;1319(2-3):223-32.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
14963044 Batandier C, Leverve X, Fontaine E: Opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore induces reactive oxygen species production at the level of the respiratory chain complex I. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 23;279(17):17197-204. Epub 2004 Feb 11.


Moreover, PTP opening decreased rotenone-sensitive NADH ubiquinone reductase activity, whereas it did not affect the NADH FeCN reductase activity.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
10371157 Galkin AS, Grivennikova VG, Vinogradov AD: --> H+/2e- stoichiometry in NADH-quinone reductase reactions catalyzed by bovine heart submitochondrial particles. FEBS Lett. 1999 May 21;451(2):157-61.

Rotenone, piericidin and thermal deactivation of complex I completely prevented NADH-induced proton translocation in the NADH-endogenous ubiquinone reductase reaction.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
1900156 Anderson WM, Chambers BB, Wood JM, Benninger L: Inhibitory effects of two structurally related carbocyanine laser dyes on the activity of bovine heart mitochondrial and Paracoccus denitrificans NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 1;41(5):677-84.

The mechanism of inhibition (except for the HIDC effect on coenzyme Q1 reduction with P. denitrificans) appeared to be through the interaction of dye with the rotenone site on NADH-ubiquinone reductase (EC 1.6.99.3), since rotenone-insensitive preparations of complex I and P. denitrificans membrane vesicles were also insensitive to HIDC and HITC inhibition.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
1932041 Bironaite DA, Cenas NK, Kulys JJ: The rotenone-insensitive reduction of quinones and nitrocompounds by mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Oct 18;1060(2):203-9.

The rotenone-insensitive reduction of quinones and aromatic nitrocompounds by mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone reductase (complex I, EC 1.6.99.3) has been studied.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
8442768 Anderson WM, Delinck DL, Benninger L, Wood JM, Smiley ST, Chen LB: Cytotoxic effect of thiacarbocyanine dyes on human colon carcinoma cells and inhibition of bovine heart mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase activity via a rotenone-type mechanism by two of the dyes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Feb 9;45(3):691-6.
62(0,2,2,2) Details
2119805 Kotlyar AB, Vinogradov AD: Slow active/inactive transition of the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Aug 30;1019(2):151-8.

The deactivated state of the enzyme in coupled particles was revealed as: (i) the absence of the rotenone-sensitive, delta mu H (+)-dependent succinate-ferricyanide reductase activity; (ii) a prominent lag in the aerobic succinate-supported, delta mu H (+)-dependent NAD+ reduction; and (iii) a lag in the rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone reductase or NADH oxidase activities.
39(0,1,2,4) Details
8882715 Takahashi T, Okamoto T, Kishi T: Characterization of NADPH-dependent ubiquinone reductase activity in rat liver cytosol: effect of various factors on ubiquinone-reducing activity and discrimination from other quinone reductases. J Biochem. 1996 Feb;119(2):256-63.

Rotenone, malonic acid, antimycin A, and KCN, which inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal electron transfer enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and acetylated cytochrome c had no effect on the NADPH-UQ reductase activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
12515859 Miyadera H, Shiomi K, Ui H, Yamaguchi Y, Masuma R, Tomoda H, Miyoshi H, Osanai A, Kita K, Omura S: Atpenins, potent and specific inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 21;100(2):473-7. Epub 2003 Jan 6.

The use of specific and potent inhibitors of complex I (NADH-ubiquinone reductase) and complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase), such as rotenone and antimycin, respectively, has allowed determination of the role of these enzymes in physiological processes.
33(0,1,1,3) Details
7763312 Anderson WM, Trgovcich-Zacok D: Carbocyanine dyes with long alkyl side-chains: broad spectrum inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1995 May 11;49(9):1303-11.

Certain indocarbocyanine, thiacarbocyanine, and oxacarbocyanine dyes possessing short alkyl side-chains (one to five carbons) are potent inhibitors of mammalian mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase (EC 1.6.99.3) activity (Anderson et al., Biochem Pharmacol 41: 677-684, 1991; Anderson et al., Biochem Pharmacol 45: 691-696, 1993; Anderson et al., Biochem Pharmacol 45: 2115-2122, 1993), and act similarly to rotenone.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
2515858 Anderson WM, Patheja HS, Delinck DL, Baldwin WW, Smiley ST, Chen LB: Inhibition of bovine heart mitochondrial and Paracoccus denitrificans NADH----ubiquinone reductase by dequalinium chloride and three structurally related quinolinium compounds. Biochem Int. 1989 Oct;19(4):673-85.

Studies comparing DECA inhibition of rotenone-sensitive with rotenone-insensitive preparations indicate that DECA acts by a different inhibitory mechanism than rotenone on mammalian mitochondrial and P. denitrificans NADH----ubiquinone reductase.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
823748 Schewe T, Hiebsch C, Halangk W: [Action of the systemic fungicide dexon on several NADH dehydrogenases] . Acta Biol Med Ger. 1975;34(11-12):1767-75.

Soluble NADH-cytochrome c-oxidoreductase (MAHLER) and rotenone-insensitive NADH ubiquinone reductase are also inhibited by dexon.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
8804391 da Silva MV, Alves PC, Duarte M, Mota N, Lobo-da-Cunha A, Harkness TA, Nargang FE, Videira A: Disruption of the nuclear gene encoding the 20.8-kDa subunit of NADH: ubiquinone reductase of Neurospora mitochondria. Mol Gen Genet. 1996 Aug 27;252(1-2):177-83.

The NADH: ubiquinone reductase activity of sonicated mitochondria from the mutant is rotenone insensitive.
8(0,0,1,3) Details
4147655 Ragan CI, Racker E: Resolution and reconstitution of the mitochondrial electron transport system. J Biol Chem. 1973 Oct 10;248(19):6876-84.

The reconstitution of rotenone-sensitive reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-ubiquinone reductase from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase and phospholipids.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
4144294 Lawford HG, Garland PB: Proton translocation coupled to quinone reduction by reduced nicotinamide--adenine dinucleotide in rat liver and ox heart mitochondria. Biochem J. 1972 Dec;130(4):1029-44.

It is concluded that the rotenone-sensitive NADH- ubiquinone reductase activity of the respiratory chain may be organized in the mitochondrial membrane as a proton-translocating oxidoreduction loop.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
1730007 Kotlyar AB, Sled VD, Vinogradov AD: Effect of Ca2+ ions on the slow active/inactive transition of the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jan 16;1098(2):144-50.

When NADH oxidase, the rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone reductase or the succinate-supported delta mu H+-dependent NAD+ reduction were initiated by the deactivated enzyme preparations all the three activities were strongly inhibited by Ca2+; no sensitivity of these reactions to Ca2+ was observed when the assays were started by the activated enzyme preparations.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
4288750 Pharo RL, Sordahl LA, Vyas SR, Sanadi DR: Studies on dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ubiquinone reductase. J Biol Chem. 1966 Oct 25;241(20):4771-80.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
9593904 Degli Esposti M: Inhibitors of NADH-ubiquinone reductase: an overview. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 May 6;1364(2):222-35.

The inhibitors are presented within the broad categories of natural and commercial compounds and their potency is related to that of rotenone, the classical inhibitor of complex I.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6786284 Takeshige K, Takayanagi R, Minakami S: Lipid peroxidation and the reduction of ADP-Fe3+ chelate by NADH-ubiquinone reductase preparation from bovine heart mitochondria. Biochem J. 1980 Dec 15;192(3):861-6.

The apparent Km values for the coenzymes and the optimal pH of the reactions agreed well with those of the lipid peroxidation of the submitochondrial particles treated with rotenone.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3930501 Gondal JA, Anderson WM: The molecular morphology of bovine heart mitochondrial NADH----ubiquinone reductase. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 15;260(23):12690-4.

Native disulfide-linked subunits and rotenone-induced conformational changes..
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8037664 Degli Esposti M, Ghelli A, Ratta M, Cortes D, Estornell E: Natural substances (acetogenins) from the family Annonaceae are powerful inhibitors of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I). Biochem J. 1994 Jul 1;301 ( Pt 1):161-7.

Natural products from the plants of the family Annonaceae, collectively called Annonaceous acetogenins, are very potent inhibitors of the NADH-ubiquinone reductase (Complex I) activity of mammalian mitochondria.
The properties of five of such acetogenins are compared with those of rotenone and piericidin, classical potent inhibitors of Complex I.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7707312 Andreani A, Rambaldi M, Leoni A, Locatelli A, Ghelli A, Ratta M, Benelli B, Degli Esposti M: Thienylimidazo [2,1-b] thiazoles as inhibitors of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. J Med Chem. 1995 Mar 31;38(7):1090-7.

These compounds were tested as specific inhibitors of the NADH: ubiquinone (UBQ) reductase activity of NADH dehydrogenase in mitochondrial membranes.
This compound is noncompetitive with the ubiquinone substrate and interacts with a site which is mutually exclusive with that of rotenone but nonexclusive with that of piericidin and several other inhibitors of NADH dehydrogenase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8443209 Shigemura T, Kang D, Nagata-Kuno K, Takeshige K, Hamasaki N: Characterization of NAD (P) H-dependent ubiquinone reductase activities in rat liver microsomes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Mar 1;1141(2-3):213-20.

The NADH-dependent oxidoreduction system was different from the NADPH-dependent system because of the following observations; (1) rotenone inhibited only the NADH-dependent ubiquinone-10 reductase, (2) dicoumarol inhibited the NADPH-dependent ubiquinone-10 reduction more potently than the NADH-dependent reduction and (3) the activity oxidizing the reduced ubiquinone-10 in the presence of NADH was less than that in the presence of NADPH.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8573592 Satoh T, Miyoshi H, Sakamoto K, Iwamura H: Comparison of the inhibitory action of synthetic capsaicin analogues with various NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Jan 11;1273(1):21-30.

A series of capsaicin analogues was synthesized to examine the structural factors required for the inhibitory action and to probe the structural property of the ubiquinone catalytic site of various NADH-ubiquinone reductases, including non-proton-pumping enzyme (NDH-2), from bovine heart mitochondria, potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum, L) mitochondria and Escherichia coli (GR 19N) plasma membranes.
Some synthetic capsaicins were fairly potent inhibitors of each of the three NDH-1 compared with the potent rotenone and piericidin A.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18486594 Fendel U, Tocilescu MA, Kerscher S, Brandt U: Exploring the inhibitor binding pocket of respiratory complex I. . Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Jul-Aug;1777(7-8):660-5. Epub 2008 Apr 30.

Numerous hydrophobic and amphipathic compounds including several detergents are known to inhibit the ubiquinone reductase reaction of respiratory chain complex I (proton pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase).
Many mutations around the domain of the 49-kDa subunit that is homologous to the [NiFe] centre binding region of hydrogenase conferred resistance to DQA (class I/type A) and rotenone (class II/type B) indicating a wider overlap of the binding sites for these two types of inhibitors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4172972 Pharo RL, Sordahl LA, Edelhoch H, Sanadi DR: Studies on dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ubiquinone reductase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1968 May;125(2):416-28.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
11325348 Cormier A, Morin C, Zini R, Tillement JP, Lagrue G: In vitro effects of nicotine on mitochondrial respiration and superoxide anion generation. Brain Res. 2001 May 4;900(1):72-9.


Nicotine bound to complex I of the respiratory chain and inhibited the NADH-Ubiquinone reductase activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8656275 Higgins DS Jr, Greenamyre JT: [3H] dihydrorotenone binding to NADH: ubiquinone reductase (complex I) of the electron transport chain: an autoradiographic study. J Neurosci. 1996 Jun 15;16(12):3807-16.

To enhance the anatomic precision with which complex I can be examined, we developed an autoradiographic assay for the rotenone site of this enzyme. [3H] dihydrorotenone ([3H] DHR) binding is saturable (KD = 15-55 nM) and specific, and Hill slopes of 1 suggest a single population of binding sites.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3094534 Suzuki H, Wakai M, Ozawa T: Selective inhibition of mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone reductase (Complex I) by an alkyl polyoxyethylene ether. Biochem Int. 1986 Aug;13(2):351-7.

The detergent inhibited rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone reductase activity, but not NADH-ferricyanide reductase activity, of isolated Complex I.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18140 Ragan CI, Bloxham DP: Specific labelling of a constituent polypeptide of bovine heart mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide-ubiquinone reductase by the inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium. Biochem J. 1977 Jun 1;163(3):605-15.

Rotenone increased the apparent affinity of diphenyleneiodonium for the 23500-mol.wt. polypeptide without affecting the maximum incorporation. 8.
1(0,0,0,1) Details